活性镁铝尖晶石的合成及其抗铜熔炼渣侵蚀机理

Synthesis of active magnesium aluminate spinel and corrosion resistance to copper smelting slag

为寻找无铬化耐火材料在铜冶金领域的替代材料,制备高致密度镁铝尖晶石材料,探究镁铝尖晶石材料抗铜熔炼渣侵蚀机理。采用轻烧氧化镁与工业氧化铝为主要原料,经不同轻烧温度合成活性镁铝尖晶石,并对其烧结性能进行表征,利用静态坩埚法,研究镁铝尖晶石材料抗铜熔炼渣侵蚀能力。研究结果表明:合成的活性镁铝尖晶石原料的晶粒粒径小,烧结活性高的标准活性镁铝尖晶石原料的最适宜轻烧温度为1 400℃。所合成活性尖晶石原料在1 750℃保温3 h后可烧结合成致密尖晶石材料,致密尖晶石材料中尖晶石晶粒发育良好,呈致密镶嵌结构,晶粒分布均匀,平均粒径在7.26μm左右,材料密度达3.29 g/cm^(3),显气孔率为3.53%。镁铝尖晶石与铜熔炼渣反应可形成液相与Mg(Fe^(2+))Al(Fe^(3+))_(2)O_(4)尖晶石相;且材料致密化程度对抗渣渗透起关键作用,对比传统工业上应用的电熔尖晶石原料,所合成出的活性尖晶石表现出较高烧结活性,可提高材料致密化程度,从而提高材料抗渣渗透能力。

In order to find the replacement of chromium-free refractory in copper metallurgy,high density magnesium aluminate spinel material was prepared and the corrosion resistance mechanism of spinel material to copper smelting slag was investigated.The light burning magnesium powder and industrial alumina were prepared as the main raw materials.The influence of light burning temperature on the synthesis of active spinel was researched,and the sintering properties of the active spinel were characterized.The static crucible method was used to investigate the corrosion resistance mechanism of magnesium aluminum spinel to copper smelting slag.The results showed that the optimum light burning temperature of the synthesis of active spinel with small grain size and high sintering activity is 1 400 ℃.The compact spinel material is sintered at 1 750℃ for 3 h using active spinel,which has uniform grain size distribution of 7.26 μm,and bulk density of 3.29 g/cm^(3),and apparent porosity of 3.53%.The liquid phase and Mg(Fe^(2+))Al(Fe^(3+))_(2)O_(4) spinel phase can be formed by the reaction of magnesium aluminate spinel with copper smelting slag.The densification degree of the material plays a key role in the resistance to slag penetration.Compared with the fused spinel raw material used in traditional industry,the synthesized active spinel shows higher sintering activity,which can improve the densification degree of the material and thus improve the resistance to slag penetration of the material.