商贸活动介入下传统村落空间结构特征研究

Research on the Spatial Structure Characteristics of Traditional Villages under the Intervention of Commercial Activities

空间结构特征是传统村落历史演化的见证及未来发展的基础.本文以滇缅驿道沿线传统村落为研究对象,利用形态学和空间句法进行分析,解读村落的整体形态及内部结构.研究结果发现,商贸型村落与农业传统村落存在空间结构的差异:(1)商贸型村落具有更大的用地规模,长宽比形态与农业型村落无明显差异;(2)商贸型村落的路网基于效率原则建设,单条道路的长度更长,农业型村落的路网基于可达性原则而密度更大,单条道路长度更短;(3)使用300 m距离选择度与全局角度选择度分析村落空间结构发现,商贸型村落空间形成对内、对外两个不同的结构中心,而农业型村落没有明显的结构中心分化现象.研究所得的量化分析结果展现了村落发展的动力机制,为传统村落的空间规划及活化保护提供了理论支持.

The spatial structure features are the witnesses of the historical evolution of traditional villages,also the foundation of future development.This paper takes the traditional villages along the Yunnan-Burma Post Road as the research object,uses morphology and space syntax to analyze and interpret the overall morphology and internal structure of the villages.It is found that there are differences in spatial structure between traditional commercial villages and traditional agricultural villages:①The commercial villages have a larger scale of land use,but there is no significant difference in the aspect ratio from agricultural villages.②The road network of commercial villages is built based on the principle of efficiency.The length of a single road is longer,while the road network of agricultural villages is denser based on the principle of accessibility,and the length of a single road is shorter.③Through the analysis of spatial structure by Ang N and Metric 300,it is found that the commercial village space forms two different structural centers internally and externally,while the agricultural village has no obvious structural center differentiation.The quantitative analysis results show the dynamic mechanism of village development and provide theoretical support for the spatial planning and activation protection of traditional villages.