基于希望感提升的心理护理在2型糖尿病患者中的应用

Application of psychological nursing based on the enhancement of sense of hope in patients with type 2 diabetes

目的探究基于希望感提升的心理护理对糖尿病患者不良情绪、希望水平及自我效能的影响。方法以西安国际医学中心医院心身医学科在2020年3月—2021年12月纳入治疗的2型糖尿病患者300例为研究对象,按照组间基本特征具有可比性的原则分为观察组与对照组,每组150例,对照组给予常规护理,观察组联合基于希望感提升的心理护理,分别于干预前后选用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、Herth希望水平量表(HHI)和慢性病自我效能量表(CDSES)调查评估患者不良情绪、希望水平及自我效能的差异。结果干预前,两组SAS和SDS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组SAS、SDS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组患者希望水平评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组积极态度、积极行动、与他人亲密关系评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组患者自我效能评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组自我管理、一般自我效能、达成结果、应对问题评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于希望感提升的心理护理可有效减轻2型糖尿病患者不良情绪,提高疾病希望水平,提升自我效能感。

Objective To explore the influence of psychological nursing based on the enhancement of the sense of hope on the bad mood,hope level and self-efficacy of diabetes patients.Methods A total of 300 patients with type 2 diabetes who were included in the psychosomatic medicine department of Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital from March 2020 to December 2021 were taken as the research objects.According to the principle of comparability of basic characteristics between groups,they were divided into an observation group and a control group,with 150 cases in each group.The control group received routine care,while the observation group received psychological care based on hope enhancement.Self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS),Herth hope index(HHI),and chronic disease self-efficacy scales(CDSES)were used before and after intervention to investigate and evaluate the differences in patients'negative emotions,hope levels,and self-efficacy.Results Before intervention,there was no significant difference in the scores of SAS and SDS between the two groups(P>0.05).After intervention,the scores of SAS and SDS in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Before intervention,there was no significant difference in the hope level scroe between the two groups(P>0.05).After intervention,the observation group had higher scores for positive attitude,positive action,and intimate relationships with others than the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Before intervention,there was no significant difference in the self-efficacy scroe between the two groups(P>0.05).After intervention,the observation group scored higher on self-management,general self-efficacy,achievement of results,and problem-solving than the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Psychological nursing based on the enhancement of the sense of hope can effectively alleviate the negative emotions of type 2 diabetes patients,improve the level of disease hope,and enhance self-efficacy.