考虑刀具磨损的细长轴车削参数动态调整策略

Dynamic Adjustment Strategy of Turning Parameters for Slender Shaft

为解决细长轴车削加工弯曲变形量和表面粗糙度难以控制的质量问题,以及传统优化方法受刀具磨损影响导致加工质量可靠性差的弊端,以对称车削工艺为研究基础,基于细长轴车削过程弯曲变形和表面粗糙度形成机理分析,确定影响细长轴加工质量的关键因素;经试验分析、建立预测模型和多目标优化得出刀具未磨损条件下的最优车削参数;通过探究同一组车削参数条件下不同刀具磨损深度对加工结果的影响规律,提出基于刀具磨损深度的最优车削参数动态调整策略。经实际生产验证,最优车削参数动态调整策略不仅可以实现不同刀具磨损深度下弯曲变形量和表面粗糙度的精准控制,还可以提升生产效率、稳定生产节拍和降低生产成本。

In order to solve the quality problem that the bending deformation and surface roughness are difficult to control in the turning of slender shaft,as well as the disadvantage of poor reliability of machining quality caused by the influence of tool wear in traditional optimization methods,the symmetrical turning process is taken as the research basis.The formation mechanism of bending deformation and surface roughness during turning is analyzed,and the key factors affecting the machining quality of slender shafts is found.The optimal turning parameters under the condition of no tool wear are obtained through the design of the test analysis,the establishment of the prediction model and the multi-objective optimization.By exploring the influence of different tool wear depths on machining results under the condition of using the same set of turning parameters,a dynamic adjustment strategy of optimal turning parameters based on tool wear depths is proposed.It is verified that by actual production,the dynamic adjustment strategy of optimal turning parameters which proposed in this paper can not only achieve precise control of bending deformation and surface roughness under different tool wear depths,but also improve production efficiency,stabilize production cycle,and reduce production costs significantly.