脑卒中患者自我感受负担现状及其影响因素研究

Study on the status quo and influencing factors of self-perceived burden of stroke patients

目的探究稳定期脑卒中患者自我感受负担(SPB)水平及SPB的影响因素,为改善患者不良心理提供参考。方法采用随机抽样法选取2019年6月1日—2020年6月1日天津市环湖医院收治的稳定期脑卒中患者为调查对象,以问卷的形式进行调查分析,共收回有效问卷375份。采用一般资料问卷和SPB量表对其进行横断面调查,分析患者SPB水平以及SPB的影响因素。结果脑卒中患者SPB得分为(35.41±8.55)分,其中经济负担得分为(3.93±1.18)分,情感负担得分为(14.02±4.11)分,身体负担得分为(16.90±4.52)分,均处于中度负担水平。患者SPB受年龄、文化程度、工作状况、生活自理能力以及家庭月均收入等因素的影响。将有统计学意义的5个因素作为自变量进行回归分析,其中患者家庭月均收入、工作状况、生活自理能力3个因素进入了SPB回归方程。结论脑卒中患者SPB水平较高,心理问题严重,医护人员应该基于其影响因素,采取相应措施为患者制订个性化的心理护理方案,以保障患者的身心健康。

Objective To explore the level of self-perceived burden(SPB)and the influencing factors of SPB in patients with stable stroke,and provide reference for improving the patients'bad psychology.Methods The patients with stable stroke admitted to Tianjin Huanhu Hospital from June 1,2019 to June1,2020 were selected as the survey subjects by random sampling method.The survey and analysis was conducted in the form of questionnaires,and a total of 375 valid questionnaires were collected.The general data questionnaire and SPB scale were used to conduct a cross-sectional survey to analyze the SPB level of patients and the influencing factors of SPB.Results The SPB score of stroke patients was(35.41±8.55)points,of which the economic burden score was(3.93±1.18)points,the emotional burden score was(14.02±4.11)points,and the physical burden score was(16.90±4.52)points,all of the numbers were in the moderate burden level.The SPB of patients was affected by age,education level,work status,self-care ability and average monthly family income.The five statistically significant factors were used as independent variables for regression analysis.Among them,average monthly family income,work status and self-care ability of patients entered the SPB regression equation.Conclusion The patients with stroke had high the level of SPB and serious psychological problems.Based on their influencing factors,medical staff should take corresponding measures to develop personalized psychological nursing programs for patients to ensure their physical and mental health.