工业企业创新效率的所有制差异性实证研究——基于三阶段DEA模型

An Empirical Study on Ownership Differences of Industrial Enterprises’Innovation Efficien­cy-Based on Three-stage DEA model

工业企业是体现技术水平最重要的载体,不同所有制的工业企业,会表现出具备不同所有制特色的创新效率,本文以2011年到2021年我国国有、私营规模以上工业企业的经营数据为基础,采用三阶段DEA模型研究其创新效率实况,在剔除环境因素和随机误差的影响后,国有和私营工业企业的平均综合技术效率、平均规模效率都下降了,而平均纯技术效率上升了,同时发现国有和私营工业企业都存在投入不足的问题,说明环境因素和随机误差对评价工业企业的技术创新绩效有影响,三阶段DEA模型更能准确地评价工业企业的技术创新绩效,适度的发展规模仍然是影响工业企业持续发展的重要问题,最后根据实证研究的成果提出相应的改进对策。

Industrial enterprises are the most important carrier to reflect the level of technology,Industrial enterprises with different ownership will show innovation efficiency with different ownership characteristics.Based on the operating data of China’s state-owned and private industrial enterprises above the designated size from 2011 to 2021,this paper uses a threestage DEA model to study their innovation efficiency.After excluding the impact of environmental factors and random errors,The average comprehensive technical efficiency and average scale efficiency of state-owned and private industrial enterprises have decreased,while the average pure technical efficiency has increased.At the same time,it is found that both state-owned and private industrial enterprises have the problem of insufficient investment,which indicates that environmental factors and random errors have an impact on the evaluation of industrial enterprises’technological innovation performance.The three-stage DEA model can more accurately evaluate industrial enterprises’technological innovation performance,and the appropriate development scale is still an important issue affecting the sustainable development of industrial enterprises.Finally,according to the results of the empirical study,the corresponding improvement measures are proposed.