三维打印在牙周组织再生领域的应用研究进展

Application of three-dimensional printing in periodontal tissue regeneration

重度牙周炎会造成牙周组织的缺损,该疾病治疗的理想目标是实现缺损牙周组织的再生。应用三维打印的牙周组织再生支架和屏障膜有望规避传统治疗中的多种影响因素,为牙周组织再生带来新希望。三维打印支架在牙周组织再生领域的应用研究较为系统,动物实验中初步实现了牙槽骨-牙周膜-牙骨质复合体的再生,在功能特性方面达到了牙周膜纤维从无序到有序的排列,然而其三维打印仍面临着技术上的挑战,临床实施较为困难。在屏障膜方面的探索聚焦于如何构建多组分材料的复合膜及优化材料配比,从而提高其应用性能。文章以三维打印支架和屏障膜为重点对近年来三维打印在牙周组织再生领域中的应用研究进展和发展趋势进行介绍和梳理。

Severe periodontitis could cause periodontal tissue defects.Therefore,the purpose of ideal periodontal therapy is to regenerate the entire periodontal tissue.The application of three-dimensional(3D)printing scaffolds and barrier membranes may overcome many difficulties in traditional treatment,and leding to major innovations in periodontal regeneration methods.Researches about the application of 3D printing scaffolds to periodontal tissue regeneration was systematic.In animal experiments the regeneration of periodontal complex(alveolar bone-periodontal ligament-cementum)has been initially realized,and the orderly structure of periodontal ligaments in function has also been achieved.However,3D printing scaffolds still have many technical limitations related to clinical application.The exploration of barrier membranes focuses on improving its performance by constructing multicomponent membranes and optimizing the material ratio.This article focuses on the scaffolds and barrier membranes and introduces the current application status and prospects of 3D printing in the regeneration of periodontal tissues in recent years.