焊接工艺对汽车控制臂焊接变形的影响

Effect of welding process on welding deformation of automobile control arm

以汽车控制臂焊接构件作为研究对象,利用SYSWELD软件对控制臂构件的焊接热输入和焊接顺序进行优化。结果表明:当焊接热输入偏小时(2 015~2 266 J/cm),控制臂上下片之间的角焊缝焊根位置会出现未焊透缺陷;当焊接热输入适中时(2 527~2 701 J/cm),角焊缝能获得较好的焊缝熔宽和熔深。此外,对比分析不同焊接顺序下控制臂的残余应力和变形,发现采用先中间后两边((1)(4)(3)(5)(6)(2)(7)(8))的焊接顺序有利于降低控制臂整体的残余应力峰值;采用其它的焊接顺序时,控制臂整体的残余应力峰值较高,焊接变形也较大。试验与仿真结果对比表明,仿真结果的准确性较高,利用有限元仿真能优化汽车控制臂的焊接工艺,提高控制臂产品的焊接质量。

Taking the control arm welding component of automobile parts factory as the research object,a SYSWELD software is used to optimize the welding heat input and welding sequence of control arm components.The results show that when the welding heat input is too low(2015~2266 J/cm),incomplete penetration will occur at the root of the fillet weld between the upper and lower pieces of the control arm.When the welding heat input is moderate(2527~2701 J/cm),the fillet weld can obtain better weld penetration width and penetration depth.In addition,by comparing and analyzing residual stress and deformation atcontrol arm under different welding sequences,it is found out that the welding sequence from the middle to the two sides(①④③⑤⑥②⑦⑧)is conducive to reducing peak residual stress of control arm as a whole.When other welding sequences are used,the peak residual stress and residual deformation of control arm are high.The comparison between the experimental and simulation results indicates that the accuracy of the simulation results is high.The finite element simulation can be used to optimize the welding process of the automobile control arm and improve the welding quality of the control arm products.