独立旋转车轮转向架的自动对中实现方法

Implementation Method of the Self-centering Ability for Independently Rotating Wheel Bogie

为了使独立旋转车轮走行系统重新获得自动对中能力,提出横向轮轨力及摇头力矩导向方法。首先阐述导向原理,利用横向轮轨力和摇头轴的后倾角形成摇头回正力矩,促使独立车轮自动回到初始横向位置。然后给出独立旋转车轮转向架的布置方案,前后独立轮副的摇头转动轴线呈V形。最后采用多体动力学仿真和样机试验方法对提出的导向原理进行验证。结果表明,无后倾角时独立旋转车轮转向架不能回到轨道中心线位置。然而,当摇头转动轴的后倾角为5°和10°时,独立车轮出现低频横向衰减振动并自动回到初始横向位置。新独立旋转车轮转向架出现了两种蛇行运动。转向架比例样机在溜坡试验中也出现了左右摇晃的车轮蛇行运动现象。因此上述导向方法能够使独立旋转车轮转向架自动对中。

In order to recover the self-centering ability for the independently rotating wheel running gear system,the method using lateral wheel-rail forces and yaw moments was proposed.Firstly,the self-steering principle was expounded in detail.The yaw aligning torque generated by the lateral wheel-rail force and the caster angle of yaw axis made contributions to the behavior that the independent wheels returned to the lateral position automatically.Furthermore,the arrangement was given out for the independently rotating wheel bogie.The two yaw axes of the front and rear wheel-pairs were v-shaped.Finally,the steering principle was validated by the multi-body dynamics simulation and the prototype testing.The results show that the independently rotating wheel bogie without caster angles can’t return to the track centerline.The low-frequency damped vibration appears in the lateral direction if the caster angle of the yaw axis is 5 or 10 degrees.The independent wheel automatically restores to the initial and lateral position in this case.Two kinds of hunting motions take place for the new independently rotating wheel bogie.The phenomenon of the wheel hunting motion from side to side occurs in the coasting test of the scaled bogie prototype.In consequence,the proposed steering method makes great contributions to the self-centering ability for the independently rotating wheel bogie.