生态系统理论视角下儿童生命教育的社会工作实践与反思——以成都市S小学社工课堂为例

Social Work Practice and Reflection on Children's Life Education from the Perspective of Ecosystem Theory-Taking the Social Work Class of S Primary School in Chengdu as an Example

生命教育在中国发展20余年,随着教育需求水平日渐提升和国家政策的倡导,各界对儿童青少年生命教育的研究持续上升,社会工作作为重要主体之一,对生命教育的课程内容与形式不断创新,取得了良好的成效。研究以社会工作介入S小学生命教育项目为依托,选取三年级学生为研究对象,通过评估学校、儿童与社区多方需求为基础,以生态系统理论为指导,从微观、中观、宏观三个方面进行需求分析与策略制订,采用社工课堂的方法介入,用体验式、参与式的方式让儿童在活动中积极参与,分析社会工作介入生命教育的理论、方法和过程,总结社会工作在实务中的优势与不足,以促进学校社会工作的发展。

Life education has been developing in China for more than 20 years.With the increasing demand for education and the advocacy of national policies,research on life education for children and adolescents from all walks of life continues to rise.As one of the important subjects,social work has continuously innovated the content and form of life education courses and achieved good results.Based on the social work intervention in the life education project of S primary school,this research selects third-grade students as the research objects.Based on the assessment of the needs of schools,children and the community,guided by the ecosystem theory,this research analyzes the needs of subjects and make corresponding strategies from three perspectivesthe micro,meso,and macro.Adopting the method of social work classroom intervention,children are actively involved in activities in an experiential and participatory way.This research analyzes the theory,methods,and process of social work intervention in life education,and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of social work intervention in the process,in order to promote the development of school social work.