建筑节能用玻纤复合材料的制备及其性能研究

Study on preparation and properties of glass fiber composites for building energy saving

选择以环氧树脂E51为基体,玻璃纤维为增强相,间苯二胺为固化剂,玻璃纤维掺杂量为环氧树脂和固化剂总质量的0,5%,10%,15%和20%,制备出了玻纤复合材料。研究了不同玻璃纤维掺杂量对玻纤复合材料微观形貌、孔径分布、力学性能及导热性能的影响。结果表明,掺入适量的玻璃纤维后提高了环氧树脂各部分与纤维之间的结合强度,从而改善了玻纤复合材料的致密性,减小了平均孔径、孔体积和孔隙。当玻璃纤维的掺杂量为15%(质量分数)时,玻纤复合材料的孔洞和缺陷数量最少,结合强度和致密性最佳,孔体积最小为0.95 cm^(3)/g,平均孔径最小为26.3 nm,孔隙率最低为0.93%。随着玻璃纤维掺杂量的增加,玻纤复合材料的抗拉强度、断裂延伸率和抗折强度均先增高后降低,导热系数先降低后增大。当玻璃纤维的掺杂量为15%(质量分数)时,抗拉强度、断裂延伸率和抗折强度均达到最大值,分别为45.10 MPa,1.61%和39.60 MPa;导热系数最低为0.021 W/(m·K),保温性能最佳,在建筑节能材料的开发与应用方面具有广阔的前景。

The glass fiber composites were prepared with epoxy resin E51 as the matrix,glass fiber as the reinforcing phase,m-phenylenedia mine as the curing agent and glass fiber doping amount as 0,5 wt%,10 wt%,15 wt%and 20 wt%of the total mass of epoxy resin and curing agent.The effects of different glass fiber dopants on the micro morphology,pore size distribution,mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of glass fiber composites were studied.The results showed that the bonding strength between epoxy resin and fiber was improved after adding proper amount of glass fiber,which improved the compactness of glass fiber composite and reduced the average pore diameter,pore volume and pore size.When the doping amount of glass fiber was 15 wt%,the glass fiber composite had the least number of holes and defects,the best bonding strength and density,the minimum pore volume was 0.95 cm^(3)/g,the minimum average pore diameter was 26.3 nm,and the minimum porosity was 0.93%.With the increase of glass fiber doping,the tensile strength,elongation at break and flexural strength of glass fiber composites increased first and then decreased,and the thermal conductivity decreased first and then increased.When the doping amount of glass fiber was 15 wt%,the tensile strength,elongation at break and flexural strength reached the maximum value,which were 45.10 MPa,1.61%and 39.60 MPa respectively.With the lowest thermal conductivity of 0.021 W/(m·K)and the best thermal insulation performance,it had broad prospects in the development and application of building energy-saving materials.