养殖模式对岗巴羊屠宰性能和肉品质影响的研究

Study on the effects of feeding mode on growth slaughter performance and meat nutrient content of Gangba sheep

文章旨在探讨不同养殖模式对岗巴羊屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。试验选取体重(4.00±1.00)kg的20~30日龄岗巴羊90只,随机分为放牧组(Ⅰ组)、半舍饲(Ⅱ组)组和舍饲组(Ⅲ组)(每组3个重复,每个重复10只),放牧组采取放牧养殖模式,半舍饲组采取白天放牧傍晚补饲养殖模式,舍饲组采取舍饲养殖模式。结果表明,Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组宰前活重、胴体重、屠宰率、净肉重、肉骨比、眼肌面等指标显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),内脏比显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅱ组净肉率显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);Ⅱ组宰前活重、胴体重等指标显著高于Ⅲ组(P<0.05),眼肌面积、净肉率、内脏比显著小于Ⅲ组(P<0.05),屠宰率、净肉重、肉骨比无显著差异(P>0.05)。Ⅲ组肉样中粗蛋白质和维生素E含量显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组(P<0.05),Ⅲ组肉样中维生素D含量显著低于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组(P<0.05),水分、灰分、粗脂肪、碳水化合物、能量、钠、钙、铁、锌、硒、镁、叶酸、维生素B_(6)、维生素B_(12)、维生素A、维生素K_(1)、维生素B_(1)、维生素B_(2)、烟酸均差异不显著(P>0.05);Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组肉样中检测所有指标含量均无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此可见,舍饲和半舍饲养殖显著提高岗巴羊的屠宰性能,舍饲养殖显著提高岗巴羊肉品质。

The aim of this study is to explore the effects of different farming modes on the slaughter performance and meat quality of Gangba sheep.Ninety 20~30 day old Gangba sheep weighing(4.00±1.00)kg were selected for the experiment and randomly divided into grazing group(GroupⅠ),half shed-feeding group(GroupⅡ),and shed-feeding group(GroupⅢ)(3 replicates for each group,10 sheep for each replicates).The grazing group adopted a grazing and breeding mode,the half shedfeeding group adopted a daytime grazing and evening supplementary feeding mode,and the shed-feeding group adopted a shedfeeding and breeding mode.The results showed that the pre slaughter live weight,carcass weight,slaughter rate,net meat weight,meat to bone ratio,and eye muscle area of GroupⅡand GroupⅢwere significantly higher than those of GroupⅠ(P<0.05),and the visceral ratio was significantly lower than that of GroupⅠ(P<0.05).The net meat rate of GroupⅡwas significantly lower than that of GroupⅠ(P<0.05);The live weight and carcass weight before slaughter in GroupⅡwere significantly higher than those in GroupⅢ(P<0.05),while the eye muscle area,net meat percentage,and visceral ratio were significantly lower than those in GroupⅢ(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in slaughter rate,net meat weight,and meat to bone ratio(P>0.05).The content of crude protein and vitamin E in GroupⅢmeat samples was significantly higher than that in GroupⅠand GroupⅡ(P<0.05),while the content of vitamin D in GroupⅢmeat samples was significantly lower than that in GroupⅠand GroupⅡ(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in water,ash,crude fat,carbohydrates,energy,sodium,calcium,iron,zinc,selenium,magnesium,folic acid,vitamin B_(6),vitamin B_(12),vitamin A,vitamin K_(1),vitamin B_(1),vitamin B_(2),and niacin(P>0.05);There was no significant difference in the content of all indicators detected in the meat samples of GroupⅠand GroupⅡ(P>0.05).From this,it can be seen that shed-feeding and half shed-feeding significantly improve the slaughter performance of Gangba sheep,and shed-feeding significantly improves the meat quality of Gangba sheep.