3个不同产地铁皮石斛形态显微特征的比较分析

Comparative Analysis of Morphological and Microscopic Characteristics of Dendrobium officinale from 3 Different Producing Areas

利用植物形态显微技术和方法对丹霞铁皮石斛、浙江铁皮石斛和广西铁皮石斛营养器官进行比较分析.结果表明,3种铁皮石斛的根、茎和叶片结构整体上基本相似,但存在一些明显的差异.丹霞铁皮石斛根的皮层厚度和维管束数量,茎形状大小与颜色,茎表皮细胞的细胞壁厚度和皮下层细胞的细胞壁厚度,叶片形状、大小和颜色,以及叶片厚度和叶肉细胞大小等方面与浙江铁皮石斛和广西铁石斛之间存在明显差异.丹霞铁皮石斛的主要鉴别特征:根被皮层厚度290.2μm,维管束数量8~9个;茎圆柱形,粗短,呈紫红色,表皮细胞的细胞壁和皮下层明显增厚;叶片披针形,叶片两点均有明显的紫色斑点,叶鞘明显紫红色,叶片厚度为627.4μm,叶肉细胞直径83.7μm.形态显微分析技术能够快速简便地鉴别丹霞铁皮石斛与其他产地铁皮石斛.

The vegetative organs of Dendrobium officinale from Danxia,Zhejiang and Guangxi were compared and analyzed by using plant morphological microscopic techniques and methods.The results showed that the root,stem and leaf structures of 3 Dendrobium officinale were basically similar on the whole,but there were some obvious differences.The cortex thickness and the number of vascular bundles in the root of Danxia Dendrobium officinale,stem shape size and color,the cell wall thickness of stem epidermal cells and subcutaneous cells,leaf shape,size and color,leaf thickness and mesophyll cell size,were obvious different from Zhejiang Dendrobium officinale and Guangxi Dendrobium officinale.The main identification characteristics of Danxia Dendrobium officinale:the thickness of root cortex was 290.2μm,and the number of vascular bundles was 8~9,the stem was cylindrical,short and purple-red,and the cell wall and subcutaneous layer of epidermal cells were obviously thickened,the leaves were lanceolate,and there were obvious purple spots at both points of the leaves.The leaf sheath was obviously purple red,the leaf thickness was 627.4μm,and the diameter of mesophyll cells was 83.7μm.The morphological microscopic analysis technology can quickly and easily identify Danxia Dendrobium officinale from other producing areas.