面向航天器表面静电放电检测的柔性天线传感器设计

A design of flexible antenna sensor for spacecraft ESD detection

航天器在轨运行时其表面会与空间等离子体和高能电子相互作用而产生静电放电(ESD)效应,威胁航天器在轨安全。文章基于航天器静电放电产生的电磁脉冲信号频谱特性,设计一种柔性平面等角螺旋天线与阿基米德螺旋天线相结合的柔性天线传感器,其电磁脉冲感知本体直径为144 mm,厚度为0.35 mm。ANSYS HFSS软件的仿真结果表明:在天线弯曲半径分别为0和150 mm条件下,在50 MHz~3 GHz频带,电压驻波比(VSWR)均小于2,说明天线辐射性良好。对柔性天线传感器的ESD检测性能进行实测,结果表明该柔性天线传感器在弯曲前后均能有效接收到电磁辐射脉冲信号。该研究可用于航天器静电放电检测,具有实际工程意义。

During in orbit operation,spacecraft will interact with space plasma and high-energy electrons to produce electrostatic discharge(ESD)effects,threatening the safety of spacecraft.Based on the spectral characteristics of electromagnetic pulse signal generated by spacecraft ESD,in this paper,a flexible antenna sensor was designed,which combined a flexible planar spiral antenna with an Archimedes spiral antenna.The electromagnetic pulse sensing part had a diameter of 144 mm and a thickness of 0.35 mm.The simulation results of ANSYS HFSS software show that,under the conditions of antenna bending radii of 0 and 150mm respectively,in the frequency band range of 50 MHz to 3 GHz,the VSWR is less than 2,showing that the antenna radiation is good.The measurement of the ESD detection performance shows that the flexible antenna sensor can effectively receive the electromagnetic radiation pulse signal before and after bending.This study may be used for spacecraft ESD detection and has practical engineering significance.