集聚与输出:近代徽州的蜜枣业

The Agglomeration and Export of Candied Date Processing Industry in Modern Huizhou

近代蜜枣加工业兴起于徽州。徽州所属歙县富产山枣,可惜生食之口感不佳,于是该县武阳村人经过长期试验,在明末清初时期研制出金丝琥珀蜜枣,后经不断改进工艺,于咸同年间前往邻近的水陆交通便利的深渡开办蜜枣加工厂,形成一定的产业规模,为歙县带来新的经济创收。清末,随着蜜枣加工技术外传,旅外徽商遂将资本、技术、枣工和品牌一并输出,先后在宣城和兰溪、苏州等地形成蜜枣加工产业集聚,变产品输出为产业输出。不同于徽商传统的商品贩运和资本运作,这是一种新的产业经济模式。

Modern Chinese candied date processing industry originated in Huizhou.Shexian county,where mountain jujubes were abundant.Unfortunately,the taste of raw mountain jujubes was not good.Therefore,after long-term experiments,people in Wuyang village of the county developed golden silk amber honey jujubes in the late Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty.After continuous improvement of the process,they went to Shendu,a nearby city with convenient land and water transportation,starting candied date processing plants during the reign of Emperor Xianfeng and Tongzhi,forming a certain industrial scale and bringing new economic income to Shexian county.In the late Qing Dynasty,with the spread of candied date processing technology,Huizhou merchants abroad exported capital,technology,workers and brand names,forming a cluster of candied date processing industry in Xuancheng,Lanxi,Suzhou,etc.,changing product output into industrial output.Different from the traditional commodity trafficking and capital operation,candied date processing industry formed a new industrial economic model.