植物挥发性有机物合成与代谢途径及其释放与感知调控机制的研究进展

Research progress on synthetic and metabolic pathways of plant volatile organic compounds and their release and sensing regulatory mechanisms

植物释放的挥发性有机物(biogenic volatile organic compounds,BVOCs)是具有低沸点、易挥发的低分子量亲脂性化合物,在植物发育的整个过程中,它们通常通过不同底物的几个独立途径由不同的酶催化合成,并受关键基因及转录因子等调控代谢,随后在植物细胞内和细胞之间移动而被释放出来,最终作为植物内部信号被植物感知从而进行传递交流,影响着植物各种生理反应。本文对植物BVOCs参与合成及代谢途径的调控机制、释放的细胞生理和理化性质及植物对BVOCs的感知调控进行分析和解读,以期为BVOCs的合成与代谢、释放与被感知机制的进一步研究提供参考。

The biogenic volatile organic compounds(BVOCs)released by plants are low molecular weight lipophilic compounds with low boiling point and easy to volatilize.During the whole process of plant development,BVOCs are usually synthesized by different enzyme catalysis through several independent pathways of different substrates,and are regulated and metabolized by key genes and transcription factors.Then,BVOCs move within and between plant cells and are released,and finally,as an internal signal of plants,BVOCs are perceived by plants to transmit and communicate,which affects various physiological responses of plants.This paper analyzes and interprets the regulation mechanism of plant BVOCs participating in the synthesis and metabolism pathway,the released cell physiological and physicochemical properties,and the plants′perception and regulation of BVOCs,in order to provide a reference for the further study of the synthesis and metabolism,release and perceived mechanism of BVOCs.