论侵害敏感个人信息权益的归责原则

On the Principles of Imputation for Infringing the Rights and Interests of Sensitive Personal Information

敏感个人信息作为信息主体遭受侵害时容易导致其人格尊严和人身、财产安全受损的个人信息,相较于一般个人信息具有较高的价值位阶。在实践中对敏感个人信息权益侵害的事件时有发生,在司法裁判过程中信息主体面临着举证困难的困境。因此,对于侵害个人信息权益的损害赔偿责任的归责原则应采用二元归责原则体系,不同的个人信息类型采用不同的归责原则,即对侵害一般个人信息权益的损害赔偿责任采用过错推定责任原则,对侵害敏感个人信息权益的损害赔偿责任应当采取无过错责任原则。

Sensitive personal information,as personal information that is likely to cause damage to the personal dignity or personal and property safety of the information subject when infringed,has a higher value rank than general personal information.However,in practice,incidents of infringement of the rights and interests of sensitive personal information often occur,and the information subject is faced with the difficulty of proving evidence in the process of judicial adjudication.Therefore,the principle of attribution of liability for damages against personal information rights and interests should be based on a dual attribution principle system.According to different types of personal information,different attribution principles are adopted,that is,the principle of presumption of fault is adopted for the liability for damages infringing the rights and interests of general personal information,and the principle of no-fault liability should be adopted for the liability for damages infringing on the rights and interests of sensitive personal information.