焊接工艺参数对Q345厚板L形接头焊接温度场的影响

Effect of Welding Parameters on Welding Temperature Field of L-Joint of Q345 Thick Plate

以Q345厚板L形接头焊接过程为研究对象,提取厚板的V形焊道结构进行分析,基于双椭球功率密度分布体热源模型为输入热源,利用Visual Environment有限元软件建立其网格模型,并建立焊接热过程的计算文件。通过数值模拟焊接一段直板结构的V形焊道焊接热过程,模拟并分析不同焊接工艺参数下的厚板温度场,研究了不同有效热功率和焊接速度对焊接温度场的影响;并结合V形板焊接试验的红外激光测试数据,对比仿真结果温度云图截面,证明了温度场数据的仿真效果与实际吻合,数值模拟的数据准确;同时分析了不同热效率和焊接速度下,焊接温度场的不同温度区间的尺寸变化。计算结果表明,低温区的尺寸变小,证明厚板的散热效果比薄板好;由仿真的几组数据表明,加大焊道的热输入量,高温区下移,证实V形焊道对热输入的要求比双V形焊道高;焊接速度越大,高温区和低温区的体积越小,对比不同焊接速度的焊道温度场截面,高温区宽度的减小比率大于深度减小比率,即焊接速度对低温区的影响效果比高温区明显。

The welding process of L-joint of Q345 thick plate is taken as the research object,and the V-bead structure of thick plate is extracted for analysis.Based on the double ellipsoidal power density distribution body heat source model as the input heat source,the mesh model is established by using the visual environment finite element software,and the calculation file of welding heat process is established.The temperature field of thick plate under different welding parameters was simulated and analyzed by numerical simulation of the welding thermal process of V bead of a straight plate structure,and the influence of different effective heat power and welding speeds on the welding temperature field was studied.Combined with the infrared laser test data of V-shaped plate welding test,the simulation results of temperature cloud section are compared to prove that the simulation effect of temperature field data is consistent with the actual,and the data of numerical simulation are accurate.At the same time,the size changes of different temperature ranges of the welding temperature field under differ-ent thermal efficiencies and welding speeds are analyzed.The calculation results show that the size of low temperature zone becomes smaller,which proves that the heat dissipation effect of thick plate is better than that of thin plate.Several sets of simulation data show that increasing the heat input of the weld decreases in the high temperature region,confirming that the requirement of the V bead for heat input is higher than that of the double V bead.The larger the welding speed is,the smaller the volume of the high-temperature zone and the low-temperature zone is.Compared with the temperature field cross section of the weld with different welding speeds,the reduction ratio of the width of the high-temperature zone is greater than that of the depth,that is,the influence of the welding speed on the low-temperature zone is more obvious than that on the high-temperature zone.