产后健康母牛与子宫炎牛子宫内细菌分离与鉴定

Isolation and Identification of Bacteria in the Uterus of Postpartum Healthy Cows and Cows with Uterine Infections

[目的]为对产后健康母牛与子宫炎牛子宫内细菌进行分离与鉴定,深入了解产后母牛子宫内致病菌的种类,探讨母牛子宫炎的主要致病因素。[方法]对临沂沂水县某私人母牛养殖场正常分娩后母牛进行子宫炎检测,随机挑选无子宫炎母牛及子宫炎呈阳性患牛各30头,采集各试验母牛子宫内容物,接种于不同培养基,37℃、24~48 h分离培养,根据不同种类细菌染色镜检鉴定。[结果]培养得到171株菌株,主要有大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、克雷伯氏杆菌和蜡状芽孢杆菌等。大肠杆菌占比最高,为23.98%,革兰氏染色结果显示阴性菌较多,多以混合感染方式存在。检出率结果显示,产后健康母牛子宫内大肠杆菌占比最高,为36.67%。整体检出情况显示,产后初期、中期、末期病原菌检出率分别为100%、87.5%、60%。子宫炎患病母牛子宫产后初期和中期占比最高的病原菌为大肠杆菌(100%和60%),产后末期占比最高的病原菌是蜡状芽孢杆菌(60%)。不论产后初期、中期、末期,病原菌检出率均为100%。[结论]母牛子宫发生炎症后,病原菌大量生长繁殖,加剧炎症反应,促进子宫内膜炎进程。

[Objective]To isolate and identify bacteria in the uterus of postpartum healthy cows and cows with uterine infection,to gain insight into the species of pathogenic bacteria in the uterus of postpartum cows,and to explore the main pathogenic factors of uterine infection in cows.[Methods]The uterine contents of each test cow were collected,inoculated in different media,isolated and cultured at 37℃for 24~48 h,and identified by microscopic examination according to different types of bacterial staining.[Results]171 strains were obtained,mainly Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,Klebsiella and Bacillus cereus.Escherichia coli accounted for the highest percentage of 23.98%,and the gram staining results showed more negative bacteria,mostly in the form of mixed infections.The results of detection rate showed that the highest percentage of Escherichia coli was 36.67%in the uterus of postpartum healthy cows.The overall detection situation showed that the detection rates of pathogenic bacteria at the early,middle and late postpartum periods were 100%,87.5%and 60%,respectively.The highest percentage of pathogenic bacteria in the uterus of cows with uterine infections in the early and middle postpartum period was E.coli(100%and 60%),and the highest percentage of pathogenic bacteria in the late postpartum period was Bacillus cereus(60%).The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria was 100%regardless of the early,middle and late postpartum period.[Conclusion]After inflammation of the uterus in heifers,pathogenic bacteria grew and multiplied in large numbers,intensifying the inflammatory response and promoting the process of endometritis.