翻转犁避障四连杆机构设计及运动仿真

Design and Motion Simulation of a Four-link Mechanism for Tilting Plough Obstacle Avoidance

目前,新疆土壤翻耕主要使用的翻转犁,搭配大马力拖拉机可大幅提高耕整效率,由于土壤中大石块等障碍物极易损害犁体等翻转犁关键零部件,严重影响翻转犁寿命及作业效率。为此,设计了犁体避障四连杆机构,并通过设计机构的运动轨迹,确定了避障机构的各参数;根据犁柱完全抬起时的角度、连杆的极限位置角度和犁体在土壤中受力,设计出连架杆长度700mm,连杆的极限位置角度20.58°,大小弹簧公称直径为18mm和12mm相套的弹簧组。最后,应用ADAMS软件进行运动学仿真分析,仿真结果表明:机构可以在设计的犁体受力阈值下顺利抬起并落回,使机具零部件在安全强度内工作,可为翻转犁避障从而高速安全作业提供依据。

At present,Xinjiang soil tilling mainly uses the tiller plough,with a high horsepower tractor can significantly improve the tilling efficiency,due to the large stones and other obstacles in the soil is very easy to damage the plough body and other key parts of the tiller plough,seriously affect the life of the tiller plough and operational efficiency.This paper designs a four-link mechanism for avoiding obstacles in the plough body.The paper determines the parameters of the obstacle avoidance mechanism by designing the trajectory of the mechanism;based on the angle of the plough column when it is fully raised,the limit position angle of the linkage and the force on the plough body in the soil,a spring set with a linkage rod length of 700 mm,a limit position angle of 20.58°of the linkage rod and a nominal diameter of 18 and 12 of the large and small springs is designed.Finally,the kinematic simulation analysis was carried out by ADAMS software.The kinematic simulation showed that the mechanism can lift and fall back smoothly under the designed force threshold of the plough body,so that the machine parts can work within the safe strength,and the mechanism provides a basis for the overturning plough to avoid obstacles and thus operate safely at high speed.