高速公路隧道低位照明综合效能研究

Research on Comprehensive Efficiency of Low-position Lighting in Expressway Tunnels

照明系统是保障隧道运营安全的基本要素,其碳排放量在机电系统中比重较高,照明灯具存在着故障率高、维护困难的问题。本文采用数值分析的方法建立了隧道低位照明的三维空间模型,对低位照明相关的路面亮度、路面照度、路面均匀度、墙壁亮度、阈值增量、眩光值、能耗水平等效能指标进行了分析,并与高位照明方式的效能进行了比较。结果表明:在低位照明方式下,当单个灯具光通量相同时,路面亮度与灯具纵向间距呈正比例关系,路面的亮度总均匀度和道路纵向中线均匀度都较高,道路纵向中线均匀度的值接近于1;低位照明的眩光指标较高,各种工况的阈值增量均大于15,且纵向间距越小,阈值增量越大。在灯具总光通量相同的情况下,低位照明的路面亮度值大于高位照明,说明低位照明的电能利用效率高于高位照明,但是低位照明的眩光指标高于相关标准,需要进一步对光强分布提升改进。

The lighting system is the basic element to ensure the safety of tunnel operation.Its carbon emissions account for a high proportion in the electromechanical system.The lighting fixtures have high failure rate anddifficult maintenance problems.In this paper,the three-dimensional spacial model of low level tunnel lighting is established by numerical analysis method.The performance indicators such as pavement brightness,pavement illuminance,pavement uniformity,wall brightness,threshold increment,glare value,and energy consumption level associated with low level lighting are analyzed,and compared with the performance of high level lighting.The results show that under the low level lighting mode,when the luminous flux of individual lamps is constant,the pavement brightness is in direct proportion to the longitudinal spacing of lamps.The overall uniformity of pavement brightness and the longitudinal centerline uniformity of the road are both relatively high,with the value of longitudinal centerline uniformity close to 1.The glare index of low level lighting is higher,and the threshold increment for various working conditions is greater than 15.Additionally,as the longitudinal spacing between lamps decreases,the threshold increment increases.Under the condition of the same total luminous flux of the lamps,the pavement brightness of low level lighting is higher than that of high level lighting,indicating that the power utilization efficiency of low level lighting is higher than that of high level lighting.However the glare index of low level lighting exceeds the relevant standards,suggesting the need for further improvement in the enhancement of light intensity distribution.