金融科技与商业银行经营绩效

Fintech and Business Performance of Commercial Banks

金融科技在创新业务、流程和产品的同时带来了利差的收窄,然而对商业银行经营绩效的影响尚未得到一致结论。本文使用文本挖掘法构建了我国135家商业银行金融科技发展水平指标,基于2012—2019年数据,实证检验了金融科技与商业银行经营绩效的关系。结果表明,样本期内银行内部金融科技对小银行经营绩效没有影响;剔除小银行后,金融科技对经营绩效的影响呈先降后升的“U”形关系。具体而言,底层金融科技对商业银行经营绩效无显著影响,应用金融科技对经营绩效的影响呈“U”形。地区金融科技的发展会降低商业银行的经营绩效。机制分析表明金融科技可以通过影响商业银行的成本管理、风险控制和经营效率三条路径影响商业银行的经营绩效。

Fintech brings innovation to business,processes,and products,while it also leads to a reduction of the interest rate.However,the impact of this on bussiness performance of banks has not yet been consistently established.Using text mining methods,an inner fintech development index for 135 banks in China was constructed during 2012 to 2019,the relationship between fintech development and business performance of banks was empirically tested.The results show that the fintech of small banks has no significant impact on business performance during the sample period.After excluding small banks,the impact of fintech on performance shows a U‑shaped relationship with a decreasing trend at first,followed by an increasing trend.Specifically,basic fintech development has no significant impact on business performance of banks,while the applied fintech development has a U‑shaped impact on business performance of banks.The development of regional fintech reduces business performance of banks.Mechanism analysis shows that fintech can affect the bank performance of banks through three paths:cost management,risk control and operational efficiency.