围产期B族链球菌感染现状及其疫苗研究进展

The current status of perinatal Group B Streptococcus infection and progress in vaccine research

B族链球菌(GBS)是危害母婴健康的重要病原菌,也是导致新生儿死亡的重要因素之一。基于微生物筛查和(或)临床危险因素评估的产时抗生素治疗可有效降低GBS感染风险,是目前普遍采用的预防早发型GBS病的主要措施。随着抗菌药物耐药性的产生和传播,GBS疫苗的研发备受关注。荚膜多糖疫苗、荚膜多糖联合疫苗、蛋白疫苗已进入临床试验阶段,为B族链球菌围产期干预提供了新的手段。

Group B streptococcus(GBS)is an important pathogen that endangers maternal and infant health and is also the leading cause of neonatal death.Intrapartum antibiotic chemoprophylaxis based on microbiological screening and/or clinical risk factors can effectively reduce GBS infection and is currently the main measure to prevent early-onset GBS disease.With the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance,the development of GBS vaccines has received increasing attention.Capsular polysaccharide vaccine,capsular polysaccharide conjugate vaccine and protein vaccine have been evaluated in the clinical trials,providing a new means for perinatal intervention of GBS.