科技创新视角下黄河流域农业高质量发展形势与对策

Trend and Strategies of high-qlity Agricultural Development in the Yellow River Basin with Scientific and technological Innovation

黄河流域是我国重要的生态安全屏障和农畜产品主产区,粮食和肉类产量占全国的1/3左右。新中国成立以来,黄河流域农业农村发展取得了举世瞩目的成就,但随着全球化壁垒增加、局部战争、大国战略博弈升级,粮食国际贸易等风险不断加剧,黄河流域农业农村发展形势面临严峻挑战,主要存在生态环境十分脆弱、耕地质量退化较重、水资源保障形势严峻、面源污染问题难以很快突破、科技创新活力不足等突出问题。建议以科技创新驱动农业高质量发展,树立新发展理念,通过一系列“卡脖子”技术攻关和集成应用,强化种质资源保护和新品种培育,加强耕地保护与质量建设、提高水资源利用效率、强化污染防控,统筹推进黄河流域“山水林田湖草沙”综合治理,实现区域生态保护和农业高质量发展双赢。

The Yellow River basin is a critical ecological security barrier and main production zone of agricultural and livestock products in China,accounting for approximately one third of China's grain and meat production.Remarkable achievements have been made in rural and agricultural development in the Yellow River basin since 1949;however,severe challenges are presented by anti-globalization trends,local conflicts,escalating games of strategy between major powers and mounting risks in international food trade,etc.,resulting in prominent problems such as highly fragile ecological envi-ronment,severe quality degradation of arable land,insecurity of water resources,measures tackling non-point source pollution unlikely to produce immediate results,insufficient innovation vitality,etc.It is therefore recommended to drive the high-quality development of agriculture by means of technological innovation,embrace a new development philosophy,redouble efforts in the protection of germplasm resources and cultivation of new breeds,strengthen arable land protection and quality improvement,enhance water resources efficiency,intensify pollution prevention and control,and coordinately promote the comprehensive governance of"mountains,waters,forests,fields,lakes,grasses,and deserts"in the Yellow River Basin by using a series of"bottleneck"technologies and their integration application.this will achieve a win-win situation in regional ecological protection and high-quality agricultural development.