数字乡村背景下智慧农业的场景、效应与路径

The scene,effect and path of smart agriculture under the background of digital countryside

数字乡村背景下发展智慧农业是贯彻新时代乡村振兴战略,推动乡村数字经济发展、促进城乡融合的重要内容。农业农村现代化、乡村数字新技术、经济转型发展需要以及农业高效可持续成为推动智慧农业发展的多元动能。数字技术重塑了乡村智慧农业的场景构建,联合组合形成“1+3+N”的场景体系,包括大数据业务集成一大核心场景系统,电子商务系统、农产品质量安全追溯系统、农技推广和社会服务三大主要应用系统,以及若干辅助应用场景。发展智慧农业产生广泛的价值效应,有利于整合数据资源,提高农业管理水平、优化农业产业结构,促进农业产业融合、创造农业价值,增加产业效益。未来智慧农业的优化路径应以构建统一农业数据系统为核心,以顶层规划与设计为前提,以科技创新与信息化建设为保障,以提升农民主体性意识和培养高素质复合型农业人才为关键点,以产学研用相结合和应用场景的前瞻性与开放性为突破口,促进乡村智慧农业整体生态系统优化。

Developing smart agriculture under the background of digital countryside is an important content of implementing the strategy of rural revitalization in the new era,promoting the development of rural digital economy and promoting the integration of urban and rural areas.Agricultural and rural modernization,rural digital new technology,economic transformation and development needs,and efficient and sustainable agriculture have become the multiple driving forces to promote the development of smart agriculture.Digital technology reshapes the scene construction of rural smart agriculture,and forms a"1+3+N"scene system by combination,including a core scene system of big data business integration,e-commerce system,agricultural product quality and safety traceability system,three major application systems of agricultural technology extension and social service,as well as several auxiliary application scenarios.The development of smart agriculture has a wide range of value effects,which is conducive to the integration of data resources,the improvement of agricultural management level,the optimization of agricultural industrial structure,the promotion of agricultural industry integration,the creation of agricultural value,and the increase of industrial benefits.The optimization path of smart agriculture in the future should take the construction of unified agricultural data system as the core,top-level planning and design as the premise,scientific and technological innovation and information construction as the guarantee,the enhancement of farmers'subjective consciousness and the cultivation of high-quality compound agricultural talents as the key points,the combination of production,university,research and application and the forward-looking and open application scene as the breakthrough.We will promote the optimization of the overall ecological system of smart agriculture in rural areas.