政府资助科技人才成长路径研究:基于21世纪日本诺贝尔科学奖获得者的特征分析

Research on the growth path of government-funded scientific and technological talents:Based on the characteristics of Japanese Nobel Prize winners in the 21st century

科技人才是国家科技创新的有效供给和重要支撑。以日本诺贝尔科学奖获得者为研究对象,结合21世纪日本诺贝尔科学奖的结构特征分析,从微观视角透视诺贝尔科学奖获得者科研成长轨迹,重点围绕讲座制及讲座费、竞争性资助计划、战略型研究项目三个方面,针对诺贝尔科学奖获得者科研成长过程中的政府资助类型及培育特点进行深入探究。研究发现,在科技人才成长中,政府在提供稳定经费支持的同时给予更多的自主权,同时政府科研资助强调对学术交流和科研合作的导向。研究结论及建议对更好地发挥政府资助的支持和导向作用、加快科技人才成长具有启示意义。

Scientific and technological talents are the effective supply and important support of national scientific and technological innovation.Taking Japanese Nobel Prize winners as the research object,combined with the structural characteristics of Japanese Nobel Prize in the 21st century,the research growth trajectory of Nobel Prize winners is analyzed from a micro perspective,focusing on three aspects:lecture system and lecture fees,competitive funding plan and strategic research projects.This paper probes into the government funding types and cultivation characteristics of Nobel Prize winners in their research development process.It is found that in the growth of scientific and technological talents,the government gives more autonomy while providing stable financial support.Meanwhile,the government research funding emphasizes the orientation of academic exchange and research cooperation.The conclusions and suggestions of this study have implications for giving full play to the supporting and guiding role of government funding and accelerating the growth of scientific and technological talents.