α-硼取代羰基类化合物的合成进展

Progress in the Syntheses of α-Boryl Carbonyl Compounds

硼取代羰基类化合物传统被认为是热力学上不稳定的化合物,容易发生1,3-硼迁移.近年来,随着对sp3杂化的硼或是四配位硼基团的研究深入,合成稳定且可分离的α-硼取代羰基类化合物的方法被逐渐发展.这些方法包括利用重氮酸酯、硫叶立德等卡宾前体对硼烷的插入反应,α,β-不饱和羰基类化合物的自由基硼氢化反应,以及含硼化合物的后阶段结构修饰反应等.根据不同的反应类型,对近年来合成α-硼取代羰基类化合物的反应进行了综述,并对现有的挑战及未来的研究方向进行了讨论.

Boryl carbonyl compounds have traditionally been considered thermodynamically unstable and prone to undergo 1,3-boron migration.In recent years,with the development and understanding of sp3-hybridized boron or tetra-coordinated boron,methods for synthesizing stable and separable α-boryl carbonyl compounds have been actively developed.These methods include the insertion reaction of borane with diazo esters,sulfur ylides and other carbene precursors,the free-radical borylation reaction of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds,and late-stage structural modification reactions of boron-containing compounds.The recent advances in the synthesis of α-boryl carbonyl compounds are reviewed based on different reaction types,and the existing challenges and future research directions are discussed.