中医药治疗寒证支气管哮喘的临床对照试验的用药规律挖掘

Medication Rules Mining in the Controlled Clinical Trials of ChineseMedicine for the Treatment of Bronchial Asthma of Cold Syndrome

【目的】探讨临床对照试验文献中中医药治疗寒证支气管哮喘的用药规律。【方法】筛选国内主要数据库中有关中医药治疗寒证支气管哮喘的临床对照试验的相关文献,采用频次统计、关联规则分析、聚类分析等数据挖掘方法探讨中医药治疗寒证支气管哮喘的用药规律。【结果】共筛选得到治疗寒证支气管哮喘的方剂131首;高频用药主要为麻黄、半夏、细辛、五味子、甘草、干姜、桂枝、射干、款冬花、紫菀、白芍、杏仁、地龙、紫苏子等;常用药对组合有“麻黄-五味子”“麻黄-细辛”和“麻黄-半夏”;从聚类分析结果中衍化得到5首新处方。【结论】寒证支气管哮喘的治疗以温肺散寒为大法,兼以祛风解表、行气化痰,常用治疗方剂为小青龙汤和射干麻黄汤;射麻止喘方为符合寒证哮喘组方思路的临床经验方。

Objective To investigate the medication rules of Chinese medicine in clinical controlled trial literature for the treatment of bronchial asthma with cold syndrome.Methods The relevant literature on clinical controlled trials of Chinese medicine for the treatment of bronchial asthma with cold syndrome in the primary databases of China were screened,and the data mining methods such as frequency statistics,association rule analysis and cluster analysis were used to explore the medication rules of Chinese medicine in treating bronchial asthma with cold syndrome.Results A total of 131 prescriptions for the treatment of bronchial asthma with cold syndrome were obtained.The high-frequency herbs in descending order were Ephedrae Herba,Pinellae Rhizoma,Asari Radix et Rhizoma,Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Zingiberis Rhizoma,Cinnamomi Ramulus,Belamcandae Rhizoma,Farfrae Flos,Asteris Radix et Rhizoma,Paeoniae Radix Alba,Armeniacae Semen Amarum,Pheretima,and Perillae Fructus.The most commonly-used drug pairs were Ephedrae Herba-Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus,Ephedrae Herba-Asari Radix et Rhizoma,and Ephedrae Herba-Pinellae Rhizoma.Moreover,5 new prescriptions were derived from the results of cluster analysis.Conclusion For the treatment of bronchial asthma with cold syndrome,the primary therapy is to warm lung and dispel cold,and the therapies of expelling wind and relieving exterior syndrome,moving qi to resolve phlegm can be used for assistance.The commonly-used formulas are Xiaoqinglong Decoction and Shegan Mahuang Decoction,and Shema Zhichuan Formula is a clinical proved formula in line with the therapeutic principles of asthma with cold syndrome.