江西省各地区蔬菜种植地的土壤重金属含量调查

Investigation on the Content of Heavy Metals in Soil of Vegetable Planting Areas in Jiangxi Province

目的:为了了解江西各地区蔬菜种植地的土壤重金属污染状况,笔者选择了江西省铅山县、峡江县、崇仁县、南昌县和赣县5个研究区的蔬菜种植地,对铜、锌、砷、镉、汞、铅6种重金属进行风险评价。方法:采用原子吸收分光光度法或原子荧光法测定铜、锌、砷、镉、汞、铅6种重金属含量;综合运用单因子污染指数法、综合污染指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对江西省5个蔬菜种植地区6种重金属的污染状况和生态风险进行研究。结果:5个研究区的6种重金属污染级别处于安全等级;生态污染水平处于轻微级别。结论:5个蔬菜种植地的6种重金属离子浓度在污染风险筛选值范围之内。

Objective:In order to know heavy metals pollution situation in vegetable planting soil,five vegetable planting areas in Jiangxi Province were selected to evaluate the risk of Cu~(2+),Zn~(2+),As~(2+),Cd~(2+),Hg~(2+)and Pb~(2+)heavy metal ions,including Qianshan County,Xiajiang County,Chongren County,Nanchang County,Ganxian County.[Methods]Soil samples were collected according to national environmental standards.The concentration of Cu~(2+),Zn~(2+),As~(2+),Cd~(2+),Hg~(2+)and Pb~(2+)ions were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry or atomic fluorescence spectrometry.Single factor pollution index method,comprehensive pollution index method and potential ecological risk index method were used to study the pollution situation of Cu~(2+),Zn~(2+),As~(2+),Cd~(2+),Hg~(2+)and Pb~(2+)ions.Results:Single factor pollution index method,comprehensive pollution index method and comprehensive potential ecological risk index method were adopted to analysis the heavy metals pollution situation and ecological risk of six heavy metals in five vegetable planting areas in Jiangxi Province.The results showed the heavy metal pollution situation in five vegetable planting areas were in the safety level,and the ecological pollution level was slight.Conclusion:The metal ions of Cu~(2+),Zn~(2+),As~(2+),Cd~(2+),Hg~(2+)and Pb~(2+)in five vegetable planting areas were within the reasonable range of national risk screening value.