2014—2021年云南省德宏州吸毒人群丙型肝炎筛查分析

Screening and analysis of HCV among drug users in Dehong Prefecture,Yunnan Province from 2014 to 2021

【目的】分析云南省德宏州艾滋病监测哨点吸毒人群丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)抗体阳性的筛查情况及其影响因素,为防控丙型肝炎提供科学依据。【方法】于2014—2021年每年1—7月在德宏州4个国家级艾滋病监测哨点连续抽取400名吸毒人员进行问卷调查和血清学检测。【结果】共纳入11 683名吸毒人员,2014—2021年HCV抗体阳性率为20.2%,历年抗体阳性率分别为14.9%、20.1%、22.4%、19.8%、22.5%、20.6%、24.5%、19.0%(趋势Z=-3.78,P<0.001)。多因素分析结果显示,年龄增长(OR=1.02,95%CI:1.02~1.03)、男性(OR=1.70,95%CI:1.19~2.42)、未婚(OR=1.64,95%CI:1.44~1.87)、离异或丧偶(OR=1.73,95%CI:1.48~2.02)、景颇族(OR=1.39,95%CI:1.19~1.63)、注射吸毒(OR=15.46,95%CI:13.13~18.12)、艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染(OR=4.96,95%CI:4.12~5.99)是吸毒人群HCV抗体阳性的危险因素。【结论】2014—2021年德宏州吸毒人群HCV抗体阳性率较高,呈波动上升趋势,应制定针对性干预措施。

[Objective]To analyze the prevalence of HCV antibody positive and associated factors among drug users in Dehong Prefecture,Yunnan,and to provide scientific evidence for HCV prevention.[Methods]Questionnaire surveys and serological testing were conducted among 400 drug users continuously selected from four national AIDS sentinel surveillance in Dehong Prefecture between January and July during 2014‒2021.[Results]11683 drug users were included.The prevalence of HCV antibody positive was 20.2%overall,and 14.9%,20.1%,22.4%,19.8%,22.5%,20.6%,24.5%,19.0%from 2014 to 2021,respectively(trend Z=−3.78,P<0.001).Multivariable analysis indicated the following were independently associated with HCV antibody positive:that older age(OR=1.02,95%CI:1.02‒1.03),male(OR=1.70,95%CI:1.19‒2.42),unmarried(OR=1.64,95%CI:1.44‒1.87),divorced or widowed(OR=1.73,95%CI:1.48‒2.02),Jingpo ethnicity(OR=1.39,95%CI:1.19‒1.63),injection drug use(OR=15.46,95%CI:13.13‒18.12),and HIV infection(OR=4.96,95%CI:4.12‒5.99).[Conclusion]The prevalence of HCV antibody positive among drug users in Dehong Prefecture is high and increases with some fluctuations during 2014 to 2021,which highlights the need to develop interventions targeting this population.