湖南省岳阳市24546例孕妇艾滋病、梅毒、乙型肝炎感染状况分析

Infection of AIDS,syphilis and hepatitis B in 24546 pregnant women in Yueyang City,Hunan Province

【目的】了解湖南省岳阳市孕妇艾滋病、梅毒、乙型肝炎(简称“艾梅乙”)的检测和感染状况,为3种疾病的母婴传播提供规范的治疗和干预措施,降低母婴传播的风险,以提高出生人口素质。【方法】对2018年1月—2021年12月岳阳市妇幼保健院同意接受免费艾梅乙检测的24 546例孕妇的检测结果进行回顾性分析。【结果】孕妇的人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体(抗HIV)阳性率为0.045%;梅毒螺旋体抗体(抗TP)阳性率为0.640%;乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性率为4.640%。抗HIV、抗TP和HBsAg阳性率2018—2020年逐年增加,2021年开始下降,但是差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。HBsAg阳性率随着孕妇年龄的增高逐渐增加(P<0.01)。在1 309例阳性病例中有16例混合感染,其中15人为乙型肝炎和梅毒混合感染。【结论】岳阳市孕妇艾梅乙感染仍然较多,做好孕前艾梅乙的筛查工作有助于及时阻断和降低母婴传播风险,对优生优育具有重要的意义。

[Objective]To investigate the infection situation of AIDS,syphilis and hepatitis B among pregnant women in Yueyang City,to provide formulated treatment and intervention measures to reduce mother-to-child transmission,and to improve the quality of birth population.[Methods]A total of 24546 pregnant women who agreed to take the tests of AIDS,syphilis and hepatitis B from January 2018 to December 2021 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.[Results]The positive rate of human immunodeficiency virus antibody(anti-HIV)was 0.045%;positive rates of syphilis antibody(anti-TP)and HBsAg were 4.64%and 0.64%,respectively.The positive rates of anti-HIV,anti-TP and HBsAg varied from 2018 to 2021,but the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).The positive rate of HBsAg increased gradually with the increase of maternal age,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).There were 16 mixed infections among 1309 positive cases,15 of which were hepatitis B and syphilis mixed infections.[Conclusion]The infection of AIDS,syphilis and hepatitis B in pregnant women in Yueyang City is relatively high.The screening of AIDS,syphilis and hepatitis B before pregnancy is helpful to prevent and reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission of infectious diseases in time,which is of great significance to eugenic and eugenic education.