吸附无细胞百白破疫苗不同接种部位的疑似预防接种异常反应

Analysis of adverse events following immunization of adsorbed acellular DPT vaccine at different vaccination sites

【目的】分析吸附无细胞百白破疫苗(简称“百白破疫苗”)改变优先接种部位后疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的发生情况,为人群接种提供科学依据。【方法】收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2020年9月—2022年8月苏州市吴江区百白破疫苗AEFI监测数据,并选择同时段吴江区所有儿童预防接种门诊百白破疫苗的接种信息,对百白破疫苗AEFI发生率进行分析比较。【结果】臀部接种AEFI报告发生率明显低于其他接种部位(P<0.05);加强免疫AEFI报告发生率明显高于基础免疫(P<0.05);不同接种部位接种后发生AEFI的临床症状以局部红肿为主,局部红肿、局部硬结、瘙痒及其他症状(嗜睡、异常哭闹等)报告发生率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同接种部位局部红肿反应严重程度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),大腿前外侧接种红肿严重程度低于其他接种部位(P<0.05),上臂三角肌接种后局部红肿强反应(>5.0 cm)明显高于臀部(P<0.05)。【结论】百白破疫苗不同部位接种后均具有较好的安全性,大腿前外侧接种值得推广。

[Objective]To analyze the occurrence of suspected adverse events following immunization(AEFI)after changing the priority vaccination sites of the adsorbed acellular diphtherior-pertussis-tetanus vaccine(hereinafter referred to as DPT vaccine),so as to provide scientific basis for mass vaccination.[Methods]Monitoring data of AEFI for the DPT vaccine in Wujiang District from September 2020 to August 2022 were collected from China's disease prevention and control information system,and the vaccination information of DPT vaccine in all children's vaccination clinics in Wujiang District during the same period was selected.The incidence of AEFI for the DPT vaccine was analyzed and compared.[Results]The reported incidence of AEFI was significantly lower in the buttocks than that in other sites(P<0.05).The reported incidence of AEFI was significantly higher in booster immunization than that in basic immunization(P<0.05).After inoculation at different sites,the main clinical symptoms of AEFI were local redness and swelling.There were significant differences in the incidence of local redness and swelling,local induration,pruritus and other symptoms(lethargy,abnormal crying,etc.)(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the severity of local redness and swelling in different sites(P<0.05).The degree of redness and swelling in the anterolateral thigh was lower than that in other sites(P<0.05).The local strong reaction of swelling(>5.0 cm)in the deltoid muscle of the upper arm was significantly higher than that in the buttocks(P<0.05).[Conclusion]The DPT vaccine is safe in different parts of the body and is worth popularizing.