气溶胶微生物健康风险研究进展

Research progress on health risks of aerosol microorganisms

气溶胶微生物是气溶胶的重要组成成分,参与空气中理化反应的同时也与疾病传播及人类健康息息相关。随着新型冠状病毒感染流行,气溶胶微生物成为备受关注的公共卫生话题,因此研究空气微生物组的构成及影响因素,可为疾病传播的有效预防提供重要的信息。由于传统研究中采样及分析技术的限制,现有的气溶胶微生物组的研究还比较有限。但随着近年来高通量测序技术的不断发展与成熟,气溶胶微生物的研究展现了良好的前景。围绕气溶胶微生物构成与特征、相关影响因素、潜在的健康风险以及检测技术等方面进行综述,可作为进一步研究气溶胶微生物的基础知识,对城市空气质量管理、国家安全与公共卫生具有重要的意义和价值。

Aerosol microorganisms are important constituents of aerosols.They participate in physical and chemical reactions in the air and are also closely related to disease transmission and human health.With the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic,aerosol microorganisms have become a public health topic of great concern.Studying the composition and influencing factors of the air microbiome therefore has significant public health implications.Due to the limitations of traditional technologies for sampling and determination,the aerosol microbiome has not been fully understood.However,with the development and maturity of high-throughput sequencing technology,the aerosol microbiome has shown promising research prospects.This article reviews the composition,characteristics,detection methods and influencing factors of aerosol microorganisms,providing basic knowledge for further research on the air microbiome.In-depth research on microbial aerosols has significant implications on urban air quality control,national security and public health.