历史命运与人的生存——论雅辛娜《我的孩子们》的历史叙事

Historical Destiny and Human Existence:On the Historical Narrative of Children of Volga by G.Yakhina

历史叙事在雅辛娜第二部长篇《我的孩子们》中有显著体现。在这部小说中,雅辛娜深刻思考了人与历史的命题,借助现实主义手法与童话笔法、荒诞叙事、电影镜头等手段将历史、童话与小说文本熔于一炉,在历史与文学的多维互动中展现虚构性的真实;以人物间不同性质的权力关系构建人物的小历史,在大历史与小历史线索间建立联想,凸显对生产性权力关系的肯定;基于德裔在童话与现实之间穿梭这一心理禀赋构建小说的空间布局,并将其作为人在大历史中的生存状态表征,突出人在悲剧历史命运中生存的自主性,寻找治愈历史创伤的良方。新历史主义为小说的历史叙事研究提供了一定的理论借鉴。

Historical narrative is evidently embodied in G.Yakhina’s second novel Children of Volga,in which G.Yakhina makes a profound reflection on the proposition of human and history.It presents fictional reality in the multi-dimensional interaction between history and literature by integrating history,fairy tales and fictional texts through realism,fairy tale writing,absurd narrative and cinematography.Based on the power relations of different natures between characters,it constructs the minihistory of characters and establishes associations between the macro-history and the mini-history clues,highlighting the affirmation of productive power relations.The spatial layout of the novel is built on the basis of the psychological endowment of the Germans of shuttling between fairy tales and reality,and makes it a representation of the state of human existence in the larger history,highlighting the autonomy of human existence in the tragic historical fate and looking for a cure for historical trauma.New historicism provides certain theoretical references for the study of historical narratives in the novel.