1190例婴幼儿的中医体质类型分布及特禀质相关因素探析

Analysis of distribution of traditional Chinese medicine constitution types and factors related to inherited special constitution in 1190 infants

[目的]对0~3岁婴幼儿的中医体质类型分布特征及婴幼儿特禀质与年龄、性别、出生方式、喂养方式、是否独生子女、父母年龄、父母学历的相关性进行分析。[方法]使用《王琦九种中医体质量表(0~3岁婴幼儿版)》,通过问卷星软件收集1190例广东省和北京市地区婴幼儿体质数据,采用构成比分析各体质类型的构成情况;运用χ^(2)检验比较不同性别、年龄、地域的婴幼儿是否存在体质类型的差异;采用Logistic回归对婴幼儿年龄、性别、出生方式、喂养方式、是否独生子女、父母年龄、父母学历与特禀质的关系进行分析。[结果]婴幼儿体质的构成情况为平和质占54.62%,8种偏颇体质占45.38%,位于前3位的是湿热质、阴虚质、气郁质,构成比分别为15.29%、10.00%、9.92%,特禀质位列第4位,构成比为4.96%。不同年龄、性别、地域婴幼儿的中医体质类型构成比具有统计学差异。婴幼儿特禀质与年龄(OR=1.059,95%CI=1.021~1.099)正相关。[结论]婴幼儿最常见的体质类型为平和质,前3位偏颇体质是湿热质、阴虚质、气郁质,特禀质位列第4位,婴幼儿年龄对特禀质的形成具有一定影响。

[Objective]To analyze the distribution characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine constitution types of infants aged 0-3 years and the correlation between their inherited special constitution and age,sex,birth mode,feeding mode,sole offspring,parents’age and parents’education.[Methods]The constitution data of 1190 infants in Guangdong and Beijing were collected by using Wang Qi’s Nine Body Types in Constitutional Medicine Questionnaire(0 to 3 Years Old Version)through Wenjuanxing App,and the constituent ratio was used to analyze the constitution type.Theχ^(2) test was used to compare whether there are differences in constitution types among infants of different genders,ages and regions;Logistic regression was performed to analyze the relationship between infant’s age,gender,birth pattern,feeding mode,sole offspring,parents’age,parents’education and inherited special constitution.[Results]The composition of the infants’constitution was 54.62%balanced constitution,and the eight unbalanced constitutions accounted for 45.38%.The top three unbalanced constitutions were damp-heat constitution,yin-deficiency constitution and qi stagnation constitution,with the constituent ratios of 15.29%,10.00%,9.92%,respectively,while inherited special constitution ranks fourth,with the constituent ratio of 4.96%.The constitution ratio of infants of different ages,genders and regions had statistical significance.The inherited special constitution was positively correlated with age(OR=1.059,95%CI=1.021~1.099).[Conclusion]The most common constitution type of infants was balanced constitution,and the first three biased constitutions were damp-heat constitution,yin-deficiency constitution and qi stagnation constitution,the inherited special constitution ranked fourth.The age of infants had certain influence on the formation of inherited special constitution.