参贝北瓜颗粒对支气管哮喘大鼠气道炎症和肺组织病理变化的影响

Effects of Shenbei Beigua Granules on Airway Inflammation and Pathological Changes of Lung Tissue in Rats with Bronchial Asthma

目的探讨参贝北瓜颗粒对卵清蛋白诱发的大鼠哮喘模型气道炎症和肺组织病理学的影响。方法建立卵清蛋白诱导的SD大鼠哮喘模型,参贝北瓜颗粒高剂量组和低剂量组分别灌胃给予参贝北瓜颗粒20 g·kg^(-1)和10 g·kg^(-1),布地奈德组给予布地奈德(0.03 mg·kg^(-1))雾化治疗,空白组与模型组分别灌胃给予等体积生理盐水。雾化激发期间记录大鼠哮喘临床症状,并量化评分;ELISA法测定大鼠血清中卵清蛋白特异性免疫球蛋白E(OVA-IgE)浓度;测定支气管肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,BALF)的白细胞分类计数并计算嗜酸性粒细胞的比例;肺组织行HE及PAS染色,观察肺组织的病理学改变,测定支气管壁各层厚度。结果参贝北瓜颗粒能缓解哮喘大鼠的临床症状,降低模型大鼠血清中OVA-IgE水平(P<0.05,P<0.01);抑制肺泡灌洗液中各类白细胞的增加,嗜酸粒细胞比率有所下降(均P<0.01);肺组织病理学显示其能抑制支气管平滑肌和支气管壁增厚,减少支气管上皮杯状细胞增生及黏液的过度分泌,使炎性细胞浸润程度减轻(均P<0.01)。结论参贝北瓜颗粒可能通过缓解支气管哮喘模型大鼠的气道炎症、改善支气管上皮细胞的病理学改变,从而发挥治喘作用。

Objective To investigate the effects of Shenbei Beigua Granule(SBBGG)on airway inflammation and lung histopathology in rat asthma model induced by ovalbumin(OVA).Methods Ovalbumin(OVA)-induced asthmatic model of SD rats was established.Rats in high-and low-dose SBBGG groups were orally given 20 g·kg^(-1)and 10 g·kg^(-1)of SBBGG,respectively.Meanwhile,rats in Budesonide group were treated with Budesonide(0.03 mg·kg^(-1))atomization inhalation and rats in blank group and model group received the same volume of normal saline.During aerosol challenge,clinical symptoms of asthma were recorded and quantified as scores.The concentration of ovalbumin specific immunoglobulin E(OVA-IgE)in serum was measured by ELISA.Differential count of leukocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)was measured and the proportion of eosinophils was calculated.HE and PAS staining were used to observe the pathological changes of lung tissue and measure the thickness of each layer of bronchus wall.Results SBBGG can relieve the clinical symptoms of asthmatic rats and reduce OVA-IgE contents in serum(P<0.05,P<0.01),inhibit the increase of all kinds of leukocytes in BALF and decrease the proportion of eosinophils(P<0.01).The results of lung histopathology showed that SBBGG can inhibit thickening of bronchial smooth muscle and bronchial wall,reduce bronchial epithelial goblet cell proliferation and excessive mucus secretion,and alleviate the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration(P<0.01).Conclusion SBBGG may play antiasthmatic effect by relieving airway inflammation and improving the pathological changes of bronchial epithelial cells in rats with bronchial asthma.