不同官能团纳米塑料在波纹巴非蛤体内的蓄积特征及毒性效应

Accumulation characteristics and toxic effects of different functionalized nanoplastics in Paphia undulata

近年来,塑料污染问题已成为全球性的重大环境问题。海洋中的纳米塑料易被海洋生物误食,并在生物体内富集产生毒性,甚至进一步通过食物链传递,威胁海洋生态系统的健康。本研究以不同官能团的聚苯乙烯纳米塑料颗粒作为研究对象,以滤食性海洋双壳贝类波纹巴非蛤(Paphia undulata)为受试生物,将其暴露于含氨基和羧基聚苯乙烯纳米塑料(80 nm,500μg/L)的海水环境中48 h,分析纳米塑料在贝类组织中的蓄积和分布特征,并研究纳米塑料对贝类各组织中氧化应激及损伤相关指标的影响。研究结果表明,羧基和氨基聚苯乙烯纳米塑料均可蓄积于波纹巴非蛤的鳃、外套膜、消化腺和肠道组织中,其中消化腺中纳米塑料的富集量最多,肠道次之,外套膜和鳃中较少;不同官能团聚苯乙烯纳米塑料均可不同程度地导致波纹巴非蛤的氧化应激反应及脂质过氧化损伤。

In recent years,plastic pollution has become a major global environmental issue.Nanoplastics in the ocean can be easily ingested by marine organisms and enrich in vivo,causing toxic effects to organisms.Nanoplastics can even be transferred through the food chain,threatening the health of marine ecosystem.In this study,polystyrene nanoparticles with different functional groups were used as research subjects,and the filterfeeding marine bivalve Paphia undulata was used as the test organism.The accumulation and distribution characteristics of nanoplastics in the tissues of the bivalves were analyzed after exposure to carboxylated-and amino-polystyrene nanoparticles(80 nm,500μg/L)for 48 h.The effects of different types of nanoplastics on the oxidative stress and damage in the tissues were also investigated.The results showed that both carboxylated-and amino-polystyrene nanoplastics could accumulate in the gill,mantle,digestive gland and gut of P.undulata,with the digestive gland being the most accumulated organ,followed by the gut,and the mantle and gill being less enriched.In addition,different functionalized polystyrene nanoplastics could cause oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation damage in P.undulata.