电阻抗断层扫描对危重患者肺灌注评价的临床应用进展

Advances in clinical application of electrical impedance tomography to evaluate pulmonary perfusion in critically ill patients

肺灌注监测能够提供危重患者肺部血流改变的准确信息,从而为临床诊疗提供证据。但受限于患者转运等不便,传统的影像学检查无法满足实时监测肺灌注的需求。因此寻找更便捷可靠的实时功能学成像技术,对优化危重患者心肺管理具有重要意义。电阻抗断层扫描(EIT)作为一种无创、无辐射的新兴功能成像技术,可用于床边评估急性呼吸窘迫综合征、肺栓塞等患者的肺灌注,从而协助疾病诊断、调整机械通气策略等治疗方案以及评估疗效。本文主要对肺电阻抗断层扫描技术用于危重患者肺灌注监测的研究进展进行综述。

Lung perfusion monitoring can provide accurate information on changes in pulmonary blood flow in critically ill patients,and thus help guide clinical diagnosis and treatment.However,due to inconveniences such as patient transport,conventional imaging techniques are unable to meet the demand for real-time monitoring of lung perfusion,more convenient and reliable real-time functional imaging techniques should be developed to optimise cardiopulmonary management in critically ill patients.Electrical impedance tomography(EIT)is a non-invasive,radiation-free,bedside functional imaging technique that can be used to assess lung perfusion in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome,pulmonary embolisms and other conditions,thereby assisting with the diagnosis of disease,the adjustment of treatment protocols,and the assessment of treatment outcomes.In this review,we focused on advances in EIT for lung perfusion monitoring in critically ill patients.