冷原子重力梯度仪发展现状及趋势

Development Status and Tendency of Cold-Atom Gravity Gradiometer

冷原子重力梯度仪利用原子的量子态叠加特性和物质波干涉特性测量绝对重力梯度信息,具有高精度、低漂移、自校准等特性,在深地/深海资源开发、地质灾害预警预防、战场环境建设与作战保障、地球科学研究等领域均具有重大潜在应用价值。简要描述了冷原子重力梯度仪的工作原理及实现方案;综述了冷原子重力梯度仪的技术优势及国内外研究现状;分析了冷原子重力梯度仪当前面临的痛点、难点问题,并对部分问题提出了解决方案,总结了冷原子重力梯度仪的发展趋势。

The cold-atom gravity gradiometer utilizes the quantum state superposition characteristics of atoms and the interference characteristics of matter waves to measure absolute gravity gradient information with high accuracy,low drift,and self calibration.It has important application prospects in the fields such as deep ground/deep-sea resource development,geological disaster warning and prevention,battlefield environment construction and combat support,and earth science research.In this paper,the basic principle and the development status of cold-atom gravity gradiometer are introduced.The pain points and difficult problems of cold atom gravity gradiometer are analyzed.Finally,partial solutions to the difficult problems and the development trend of cold-atom gravity gradienter are discussed.