脱贫农户融入电商价值链能否有效防范返贫?--基于陕南地区的实地调研

Can poverty-alleviated farmers integrating into the e-commerce value chain effectively prevent them from returning to poverty?--Case study in southern Shaanxi

数字经济背景下,探讨脱贫农户如何融入电商价值链并防止返贫对数字乡村建设、实现共同富裕有重要的现实意义。文中论述了脱贫农户融入电商价值链防范返贫风险的作用机制,并以陕南地区458份脱贫农户实地调研数据实证检验了融入电商价值链对返贫风险的影响效应。研究发现:1)是否是电商示范县、能否从银行或信用社借到钱、家庭成员受教育年限和耕地经营面积对脱贫农户融入电商价值链产生了显著的正向影响;户主年龄以及家庭劳动力数量对脱贫农户融入电商价值链具有显著的负向影响。2)脱贫农户融入电商价值链对健康风险、金融风险、社会风险和总风险有显著的降低作用,各维度的平均处理效应分别为-0.0070、-0.0127、-0.0292和-0.0512。3)脱贫农户融入电商价值链降低返贫风险过程中生计抗逆力和交换权力均产生了显著的正向影响。在此基础上,文中提出了助推脱贫农户融入电商价值链、防范返贫风险的政策建议。

In the context of the digital economy,it is of great practical significance to discuss how poverty-alleviated farmers can integrate into the e-commerce value chain and prevent them from returning to poverty.In this paper,firstly,we discuss the mechanism in poverty-alleviated farmers integrating into the e-commerce value chain to prevent them from the risk of returning to poverty.Then,we analyze the effect of integrating into the e-commerce value chain on the risk of returning to poverty based on the field survey data of 458 poverty-alleviated farmers in southern Shaanxi.The research found:1)the four factors:whether the county is an e-commerce demonstration county,whether the farmer can borrow money from banks or credit unions,number of years of education for family members,and the cultivated land area,have a significant positive impact on the integration of poverty-alleviated farmers into the e-commerce value chain.While the age of the household head and the number of laborers in family significantly negatively impact the integration of poverty-alleviated farmers into the e-commerce value chain.2)The poverty-alleviated farmers integrating into the e-commerce value chain significantly reduces the healthy,financial,social,and total risks.3)The livelihood resilience and exchange rights have a significantly positive impact in the process that the poverty-alleviated farmers integrating into the e-commerce value chain to reduce the risk of returning to poverty.Based on the above conclusions,we put forward policy suggestions to promote the integration of poverty-alleviated farmers into the e-commerce value chain and prevent the risk of returning to poverty.