数据要素红利全民共享机制——基于一、二次分配相结合的探索

Mechanism of Sharing Dividends of Data Factors with the Whole Population:An Exploration of Combining Primary and Secondary Distribution

当前,主流产学研通过把用户-数据间关系锁定在人格范畴上,事实上否认了用户数据财产权的存在,并将数据要素的红利分配问题完全等同于市场主体获得合理收益;批判的政治经济学则鲜明主张广大互联网用户应获得回馈,但这层经济关系却被刻意遮蔽。“数据二十条”出台后,建立在公共数据授权运营和数据要素市场化交易之上的“数据财政”初现雏形,使数据红利的二次分配成为可能;用户数据贡献的计算难题也将有望在Web3.0时代获得突破,不应继续回避一次分配。将抽象的批判理论落到具体实践中,可构想一种兼顾一、二次分配的新型数据社保模式,充实社保基金并实现全民反哺。

At present,mainstream industry-university-research institute actually denies the existence of user data property rights by locking the user-data relationship in the personality category,and completely equates the dividend distribution of data factors with market entities gaining reasonable benefits.On the other hand,the critical political economy of the Marxist tradition clearly advocates that the vast number of Internet users should receive rewards,but this economic relationship is deliberately concealed.After the promulgation of the"Data 20",the prototype of"data finance"based on the authorized operation of public data and market-oriented transactions of data factors has emerged,making it possible for the secondary distribution of data dividends to society.The computing puzzle of user data contribution will also be expected to get a breakthrough in the era of Web3.0,and one-time allocation should not be avoided.To put abstract critical theory into concrete practice,we can conceive a new data social security model that takes into account primary and secondary distribution,so as to enrich the social security fund and realize the feedback to the whole people.