农民精神生活的现代化:中国式现代化进程中乡村文明的重建

The Modernization of Farmers'Spiritual Life:the Reconstruction of Rural Civilization in the Process of Chinese-style Modernization

从中国式现代化来审视农民精神生活的变革,它实质上是国家治理体系与乡村社会交互建构的结果。从农耕文明向现代文明的转型,使乡村文明发生了结构性的变革,农民精神生活也经历了从伦理化到国家化再到个体化的转换。在乡村社会现代化的进程中,农民生活方式、文明素养及价值体认现代化的特征日益明显,人的现代化构成农民精神生活变革的内在逻辑。然而,乡村文明的主体与价值、物质与精神及制度与情境等要素的非均衡交融,使农民精神生活的价值与结构存在错位互构的困境,导致了现代化进程中农民精神生活的张力。为有效实现农民精神生活的现代性重建,必须通过中国式现代化来实现乡村文明的复兴,进而跨越乡村文明发展的“现代性悖论”。

Examining the change of farmers'spiritual life from the perspective of Chinese path to mod-ernization,it is the as a result of the interactive construction of the national governance system and the rural social structure.Farmers'spiritual life has experienced a transformation from ethics to nationalization and then to individualization.In the process of transformation from agricultural civilization to modern civilization,there has been a structural transformation in farmers'lifestyle,cultural literacy,and value perception.Human modernization constitutes the inherent logic of the modernization of farmers'spiritual life.However,due to the unbalanced integration of the subject and value of rural civilization,material and spirit,and system and situation,the value and structure of farmers'spiritual life have the dilemma of dislocation and interformation,which leads to the tension of farmers'spiritual life in the process of modernization.In order to effectively realize the reconstruction of the modernity of farmers'spiritual life,it is necessary to jump out of the one-way dominance of western civilization discourse,realize the revival of rural civilization through the path of Chinese modernization,and then cross the"paradox of modernity"of the development of rural civilization.