某地区人群幽门螺旋杆菌感染及免疫学分型调查分析

Investigation and analysis of Helicobacter pylori infection and immune classification in Sichuan area

目的调查分析四川地区人群幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染状况及免疫学分型结果。方法选取2017年7月至2022年5月57623例不同年龄阶段人群幽门螺杆菌抗体分型检测结果为研究对象,比较分析不同性别、年龄、区域、季节的感染状况和免疫学分型结果。结果57623例人群中幽门螺杆菌感染率为53.8%,Hp-Ⅰ与Hp-Ⅱ感染率分别为41.0%、12.8%(P<0.01);亚组分析显示,不同性别Hp感染率男女分别为53.9%、53.8%(P=0.569),Hp-Ⅰ型中女性CagA合并VacA抗体阳性率高于男性(68.6%vs.62.0%,P<0.01);不同年龄,中年期总Hp及Hp-Ⅰ型感染率最高(59.2%、45.5%),儿童青少年期最低(19.7%,13.7%),Hp-Ⅰ型别中CagA合并VacA抗体阳性率与年龄增长成反比,儿童青少年期最高(73.3%),老年期最低(55.9%);不同区域,川北地区总Hp、Hp-Ⅰ型感染率、CagA合并VacA抗体阳性率均最高(63.0%、50.8%、68.7%);不同季节,秋季Hp感染阳性率最高(56.0%),冬季Hp-Ⅰ型感染阳性率及CagA合并VacA抗体阳性率均最高(43.4%,66.8%)。结论四川地区人群幽门螺杆菌感染率较高,以Hp-Ⅰ型为主,CagA合并VacA抗体阳性率高,应加强易感人群监测和干预,预防胃十二指肠消化道疾病发生。

Objective To analyze the status of Helicobacter Pylori(Hp)infection and immune classification in Sichuan population.Methods From July 2017 to May 2022,57623 people of different ages were selected as the research objects.The infection status and immune typing results of different genders,age groups,regions and seasons were compared and analyzed.Results The infection rate of Helicobacter pylori,Hp-Ⅰand Hp-Ⅱwas 53.8%,41.0%and 12.8%,respectively(P<0.01).Subgroup analysis showed that the infection rate of Hp in different sexes was 53.9%in males and 53.8%in females(P=0.569).The positive rate of CagA combined with VacA antibody in females was higher than that in males(68.6%vs.62.0%,P<0.01).The infection rate of total Hp and Hp-Ⅰwas the highest in middle age(59.2%,45.5%),and the lowest in children and adolescents(19.7%,13.7%).The positive rate of CagA combined with VacA antibody in Hp-Ⅰwas inversely proportional to age,with the highest rate in children and adolescents(73.3%)and the lowest rate in old age(55.9%).The total Hp,Hp-Ⅰinfection rate and positive rate of CagA combined with VacA antibody were the highest in northern Sichuan(63.0%,50.8%,68.7%).In different seasons,the positive rate of Hp infection was the highest in autumn(56.0%),and the positive rate of Hp-Ⅰinfection and CagA combined with VacA antibody were the highest in winter(43.4%,66.8%).Conclusion The infection rate of Helicobacter pylori is high in Sichuan population,mainly Hp-Ⅰtype,and the positive rate of CagA combined with VacA antibody is high.Surveillance and intervention should be strengthened in susceptible population to prevent gastroduodenal and gastrointestinal diseases.