多学科协作护理在急性心肌梗死患者中的应用效果

Application Effect of Multidisciplinary Assisted Nursing in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

目的:探讨多学科协作护理在急性心肌梗死患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2020年5月—2022年4月福建中医药大学附属第二人民医院接受治疗的112例急性心肌梗死患者作为本次研究对象。将2020年5月—2021年4月收治的56例急性心肌梗死患者作为对照组,2021年5月—2022年4月收治的56例急性心肌梗死患者作为试验组。对照组给予常规护理,试验组在对照组的基础上给予多学科协作护理。比较两组急救效率,转入心内科时和随访6个月后生活质量、6分钟步行试验(6MWT)距离,入院时和随访6个月后左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)及心脏不良事件。结果:试验组门球时间(D-to-B)和急诊停留时间均显著短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组急救死亡率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随访6个月后,两组躯体活动,安全性,情绪反应,依赖性,饮食,担心用药及药物不良反应评分均显著降低,且试验组显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访6个月后,试验组LVEF、6MWT距离均显著高于对照组,LVEDD显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗及随访期间,试验组心脏不良事件发生率显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:多学科协作护理用于急性心肌梗死患者,能缩短患者救治时间、救治效率及生活质量,改善患者心脏功能,减少不良事件发生。

Objective:To explore the application effect of multidisciplinary assisted nursing in the patients with acute myocardial infarction.Method:A total of 112 patients with acute myocardial infarction who received treatment in the Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2020 to April 2022 were selected as the subjects of this study,and 56 patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted from May 2020 to April 2021 were selected as the control group,56 patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted from May 2021 to April 2022 were selected as the experimental group.The control group was given routine nursing,and the experimental group was given multidisciplinary assisted nursing on the basis of the control group.First aid efficiency,quality of life at transfer to the Department of Cardiology and after 6 months of follow-up,6 min walking test(6MWT)distance,left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular diastolic diameter(LVEDD)at admission and after 6 months of follow-up,and cardiac adverse events were compared between the two groups.Result:The door-to-ball time(D-to-B)and emergency stay time of experimental group were significantly shorter than those of control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in first-aid mortality between the two groups(P>0.05).After 6 months of follow-up,the scores of physical activity,safety,emotional response,dependence,diet,worry about drug use and adverse drug reaction were significantly decreased in both groups,and the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After 6 months of follow-up,LVEF and 6MWT distance of experimental group were significantly higher than those of control group,while LVEDD was significantly lower than that of control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).During treatment and follow-up,the incidence of cardiac adverse events in experimental group was significantly lower than that in control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Multidisciplinary assisted nursing in the application of patients with acute myocardial infarctioncan can shorten the treatment time,improve the treatment efficiency,improve the quality of life,improve the cardiac function of patient and reduce the occurrence of adverse events.