基于ArcGIS的全国武术之乡空间分布特征及影响因素

Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Wushu Hometowns in China Based on ArcGIS

全国武术之乡的空间分布特征,反映了中华武术文化在地域空间上的形态差异及产生、演变过程,对其空间分布及影响因素的探讨,有助于促进全国武术之乡的整体建设与发展。笔者以国家体育总局审批、管理的102个全国武术之乡为研究样本,基于ArcGIS10.6空间分析工具,采用最邻近指数、核密度估计值、叠置分析等方法对其空间分布进行分析,在此基础上探究全国武术之乡空间分布的影响因素。研究发现:①全国武术之乡的空间分布呈不均衡状态,其空间分布类型属集聚型。②全国武术之乡的省域分布不均衡,其中,山东、河南、福建、河北、湖北最为集中。从中国七大地理区划来看,全国武术之乡主要分布在华东、华中、华北、西南等区域。③全国武术之乡的空间分布密度不均匀,呈现出一定的圈层结构,形成了“单核中心、次中心多点集聚”的空间分布格局。④全国武术之乡空间分布受到自然环境和人文社会因素的综合影响。其中,自然环境因素主要有地形地貌、河流水系和气候;人文社会因素包括文化、人口分布和交通区位。

The spatial distribution characteristics of the national wushu hometowns reflect the regionally spatial differences and its generation and evolution process of Chinese wushu culture,and the discussion of its spatial distribution and influencing factors is conducive to promoting the overall construction and development of the national wushu hometowns.Based on the spatial analysis tool ArcGIS10.6,this paper analyzes the spatial distribution of 102 national wushu hometowns approved and managed by the General Administration of Sport of China,and uses the nearest proximity index,kernel density estimation and superposition analysis to explore the influencing factors of the spatial distribution.The results show firstly the spatial distribution of wushu hometowns in China is unbalanced,and its spatial distribution type belongs to agglomeration type.Secondly the distribution of wushu hometowns in China is not balanced,among which Shandong,Henan,Fujian,Hebei and Hubei are the most concentrated.According to the seven geographical divisions of China,they are mainly distributed in east China,central China,north China and southwest China.Thirdly the spatial distribution density of wushu hometowns in China is not uniform,showing a certain circle structure,and forming a spatial distribution pattern of"single-core center,sub-center and multi-point cluster".Lastly,the spatial distribution of wushu hometowns in China is influenced by natural environment and human and social factors,among which the natural environment factors are topography,river system and climate,and social factors are cultural areas,population distribution and traffic location.