球形破片空气阻力系数和飞行特性研究

Air Resistance Coefficient and Flight Speed Characteristics of Spherical Fragments

针对战斗部威力精准评估和爆炸安全距离的计算,研究了球形破片空气阻力系数及不同距离处的存速.通过试验获得ϕ6 mm和ϕ11 mm球形破片马赫数在0.7~5.3区间内的空气阻力系数,基于此系数开展Fluent数值仿真,获得马赫数在6.0以下球形破片空气阻力系数及空气阻力随马赫数的变化规律.结果表明:空气阻力系数与球形破片的直径无关,随马赫数的增加先增大后减小,马赫数在1.2时空气阻力系数最大;空气阻力在马赫数为0.8左右时急剧增大,此时压差阻力占比90%以上,摩擦阻力占比10%以下,进一步建立了球形破片飞行马赫数在6.0内的飞行距离计算模型,并验证了计算模型的可靠性.

Focusing on the lethality accurate assessment and explosion safety distance calculation,the air resistance coefficient and flight speed at different distance were studied.The air resistance coefficient ofϕ6 mm andϕ11 mm spherical fragments can be gained through experiment,when Mach number range from 0.7 to 5.3.The variation relationship of air resistance coefficient and air resistance with Mach number lower than 6.0 have been studied by Fluent simulation.The results show that the air resistance coefficient is independent of spherical fragments,but increased first and reached the peak value at the Mach number of 1.2,then decreased with the further increasing of Mach number.The air resistance increases rapidly around the Mach number of 0.8,wherein the pressure resistance accounts was more than 90%and the proportion of friction resistance was less than 10%.A model for calculating flight distance of spherical fragments with Mach number lower than 6.0 has been established,of which its reliability has been verified.