农村集体经济组织财产制度构建的法律问题探究

The Research on Legal Issues of Property SystemConstruction of Rural Collective Economic Organizations

财产制度是农村集体经济组织法人地位确立和完善的核心。从财产构成来看,农村集体经济组织实质上存在以土地所有权等资源性资产为基础和以财政直接补助形成的财产为基础的两类不同形态。资产“三分法”意味着集体经济组织对不同财产享有不同权利。兼顾集体经济组织公有制财产的所有者和财产经营管理者双重身份,需要区分不同的财产类型赋予经营性资产等以债务清偿能力,并防止滥用财产权利损害集体成员利益。集体财产收益分配关系确立的核心是集体成员资格的明确界定,复合型的成员资格界定规则符合法律逻辑和现实需求。股份化的收益分配关系不利于成员参与,应当完善按股分配和按劳分配相结合的分配制度。

The property system is core to establishing and perfecting the status of rural collective economic organizations as legal persons.From the property composition,the rural collective economic organization essentially exists in two different forms,those based on resource assets such as land ownership,and those based on property formed by direct financial assistance.The classification method of resource assets,non-operational assets and operational assets means that rural collective economic organizations have different rights to different properties.Taking into account the organizations dual identity as the owner of public property and the manager of property management,it is necessary to distinguish between different property types and give operational assets the ability to repay debts,and prevent the abuse of property rights to damage the interests of collective members.The core of the collective property income distribution is the clear definition of collective membership.Compound membership definition rules conform to legal logic and practical needs.Demutualized income distribution is not conducive to the participation of members.It is necessary to improve the distribution system according to shares and distribution according to work.