风景名胜区景观格局分析及空间规划策略研究--以湖南高椅风景名胜区为例

Analysis of landscape patterns and research on spatial planning strategies in scenic and historic area:A case study of Hunan Gaoyi Scenic and Historic Area

风景名胜区是我国自然保护地体系的重要组成部分,基于景观生态学理念探究其景观格局与空间规划的关系具有重要意义。为探究风景名胜区景观格局与空间规划策略的关系,本文以湖南高椅风景名胜区为例,以第三次国土资源调查数据为基础,将高椅风景名胜区景观类型划分为7种一级景观类型和11种二级景观类型,利用Fragstats软件对景观格局指数进行计算,并对景观格局特征进行全面分析,然后根据分析结果对风景名胜区空间规划策略提出合理建议。结果表明:高椅风景名胜区内自然景观分布更占优势;高椅风景名胜区3个景区的空间结构特征均存在一定差异性;高椅风景名胜区整体景观破碎化程度较低,但部分景观类型和景区的景观破碎化程度相对较高;基于景观格局分析结果指导风景名胜区空间规划策略具有可行性。本文研究成果将为风景名胜区资源永续利用提供理论基础,为风景名胜区空间规划提供新思路。

Scenic and historic area are an important part of China's natural conservation system,and exploring the relationship between landscape patterns,and spatial planning based on landscape ecology concepts is of great significance.In order to explore the relationship between landscape patterns and spatial planning strategies in scenic and historic area,this paper took Gaoyi Scenic and Historic Area as an example,the landscape types were divided into seven primary and eleven secondary types based on the data from the third national land resource survey.The landscape pattern indices are calculated using Fragstats and a comprehensive analysis of the landscape pattern characteristics is conducted.Finally,reasonable suggestions for spatial planning strategies in scenic areas were proposed based on the analysis results.The results showed that natural landscapes were more dominant in Gaoyi Scenic and Historic Area.There were several differences in the spatial structure characteristics of the three scenic spots in Gaoyi Scenic and Historic Area.The overall landscape fragmentation degree of Gaoyi Scenic and Historic Area was low,but the landscape fragmentation degree of some landscape types and scenic spots was relatively high.It was feasible to guide spatial planning strategies in scenic and historic area based on the analysis results of landscape patterns.The research results of this paper will provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable use of resources and a reference for spatial planning in scenic and historic area.