朱张书信往还中的“四书学”思想交流考论

The Probe into the Academic Exchange of“Four Books”in Zhu Xi and Zhang Shi’s Letters

朱熹与张栻虽学出同源,但致思方向和结论有异。以陈来《朱子书信编年考证》为据,在宋乾道二年(1166)至淳熙四年(1177)年这11年间,朱张二人关于“四书”的书信往来即多达126封,其间论及侯仲良《论语说》等10位前贤及时人的《四书》学著作,并对《中庸》的“中和”、《论语》《孟子》的“仁”等思想关键词进行了深入讨论。这对于研究朱熹、张栻的“四书学”思想发展和“四书学”形成前期的宋人学术风气都有积极作用。

Zhang Shi and Zhu Xi shared the same study source,but they thought in different directions.According to Chen Lai’s“Chronology of Zhu Zi’s Letters”,during the eleven-year period from 1166 to 1177,Zhang Shi and Zhu Xi exchanged as many as 126 letters,which played an important role in their comment on“Four Books”.In their correspondence,they commented on Hou Zhongliang’s“Study on the Analects of Confucius”as well as 10 other scholars’works about“Four Books”.What they discussed most were the“The Harmony”in“The Middle Mean”and“the Benevolence”in“the Analects of Confucius”and“The Mencius”.It is important to study the flow of Zhu Zi’s thought on the Four Books,the academic style of the Song Dynasty before the formation of the Four Books,as well as the influence of Zhang Shi and other thinkers at that time on the Four Books.