多尺度生态系统服务的权衡关系及其对景观配置的响应——以湖北省为例

Exploring ecosystem service trade-offs and their response to landscape configuration at multi-scales:a case study of Hubei Province

多种生态系统服务相互关系及其对景观配置响应的多尺度分析一直是生态系统服务研究的热点问题,对于厘清生态系统服务尺度效应和实现区域分级管理具有重要的意义。以湖北省为研究区域,采用遥感、土地利用类型、水文、气象、土壤等多元数据,从5 km×5 km、10 km×10 km、15 km×15 km、20 km×20 km、25 km×25 km、县域和市域等7个递增尺度分析4种生态系统服务(水源供给、碳固持、粮食生产、水质净化)对景观配置的响应关系。结果表明:(1)4种生态系统服务的空间分布具有较强的异质性,粮食生产服务的高值区与水质净化服务的低值区主要分布于湖北省中部和东部的耕地集中区域,碳固持与水源供给呈现相反的空间特征。(2)生态系统服务权衡关系的作用强度随尺度增加而减弱,而协同关系呈增加趋势;同时服务间相互作用强度的变化大于作用方向的变化。(3)景观配置对生态系统服务的影响程度在县域和市域尺度上大于格网尺度。结果反映了受尺度变化中“削峰填谷”过程的影响,景观配置对生态系统服务影响的大小和正负效应具有尺度差异性。研究结果可为区域生态系统服务分级管理和景观格局调控提供科学参考。

The relationship among multiple ecosystem services and their response to landscape configuration in different scales is a hot issue,which is important to clarify the scale changes of ecosystem services and the regional landscape management.In this paper,Hubei Province was selected as one study area to analyze the responses of four ecosystem services(e.g.,water yield,carbon sequestration,crop production and water purification)to landscape configuration at seven spatial scales,including 5 km×5 km,10 km×10 km,15 km×15 km,20 km×20 km,25 km×25 km,county,and city scales.The multivariate data(e.g.,remote sensing data,land use type data,hydrological data,meteorological data,and soil data)were used and analyzed in our study.The results indicated that(1)the spatial distribution of ecosystem services was spatial heterogeneity.The high value area of crop production and low value area of water purification services mainly distributed in central and eastern parts of Hubei Province,respectively.Carbon sequestration and water yield services showed oppositely spatial distributions.(2)The intensity of ecosystem service trade-offs decreased with the spatial scales increasing,while ecosystem service synergy was increased.The change of intensity was more significant than direction among ecosystem services.(3)The impacts of landscape configuration on ecosystem services at the county and city scales were stronger than that at the grid scales.The results demonstrated that landscape configuration had different scale effects on ecosystem services at grid and administrative scales,and the response of ecosystem services to landscape configuration was scale dependence.These findings provide scientific reference for regional ecosystem service protection and landscape pattern regulation.